How to Grow Reine Claude Plum

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Reine Claude Plum

Prunus domestica 'Reine Claude'

tree

Reine Claude is a classic European plum cultivar prized for its small, round, greenish-gold fruits with exceptional sweetness and flavor. This heirloom variety, originating in 16th-century France, produces abundant crops and is considered one of the finest-tasting plums for fresh eating and desserts. The tree is moderately vigorous and relatively hardy, making it suitable for home orchards.

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Example Reine Claude Plum timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)

  1. Plant Reine Claude Plum

    Around Apr 17

    Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.

  2. Tend & protect

    Late spring–summer

    Watering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.

  3. Harvest Reine Claude Plum

    Late summer into fall

    Before the first fall frost (≈ Nov 8)

Sample dates for Pittsburgh, PA. Sign up to get exact Reine Claude Plum dates for your own zip code.

Growing Conditions

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Sun: Full sun, 6-8 hours daily minimum for best fruit production
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Water: Moderate and consistent watering; approximately 1-1.5 inches per week during growing season. Water deeply at planting and during fruit development. Reduce watering after harvest to encourage dormancy.
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Spacing: 240 inches
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Days to maturity: 2-4 years from grafted nursery tree to first substantial fruiting
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Planting depth: Plant at same depth as root collar; graft union should be 2-3 inches above soil level

Soil

Type: Well-draining loamy soil with good organic matter
pH: 6.0-7.0
Amendments:
Compost or aged manure at planting Balanced fertilizer (10-10-10) in early spring Potassium and phosphorus for fruiting

Growing Zones

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Thrives in zones 5-8, with good cold hardiness down to zone 4

4a 4b 5a 5b 6a 6b 7a 7b 8a 8b 9a

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Growth Stages

1

Establishment (Year 1-2)

2 years

Young tree develops root system and branch structure; minimal or no flowering in first year

Remove any early flowers to encourage growth. Water regularly and stake for support if necessary. Prune to develop strong scaffold branches. Apply mulch 3-4 inches deep around base.

2

Flowering (Spring, Year 2-3+)

2-3 weeks

Tree produces abundant white to pale pink flowers in clusters along branches before leaves emerge

Ensure adequate chilling hours (800-900 hours below 45°F) for proper flowering. Thin flowers if overly abundant to prevent stress. Provide pollinator access; Reine Claude requires cross-pollination from compatible varieties like Stanley, Greengage, or Damson plums.

3

Fruit Development (Late Spring-Early Summer)

6-8 weeks

Small green fruit forms after petal drop; fruits swell and develop characteristic round shape

Thin fruits to 2-3 inches apart (one fruit per cluster) when marble-sized for larger fruits. Apply balanced fertilizer if growth is slow. Maintain consistent watering to prevent fruit cracking.

4

Ripening (Mid to Late Summer)

4-6 weeks

Fruits transition from green to greenish-gold with slight blush; flesh becomes sweet and juicy; sugar content increases

Reduce nitrogen fertilizer to concentrate sugars. Water consistently but not excessively to prevent cracking. Watch for pest and disease pressure; monitor for brown rot and plum curculio.

5

Harvest & Dormancy (Late Summer-Fall)

Harvest 2-4 weeks; dormancy 4-6 months

Mature fruits reach full sweetness and color; tree prepares for winter dormancy

Harvest fruits when fully ripe (they should yield slightly to gentle pressure). Prune in late winter to remove diseased wood and maintain open canopy structure. Apply dormant oil spray in late winter if pest pressure was high.

Companion Planting

Plan your garden →

Plant with:

Avoid planting near:

Fennel Walnut trees Brassicas in very close proximity

Common Pests

  • Install pheromone traps; prune to improve air circulation; apply spinosad or neem oil during early fruit development; remove fallen fruit promptly

  • Thin fruit for air circulation; remove mummified fruit; apply sulfur or copper fungicide in spring; prune for open canopy structure

  • Hand-pick early morning; use Japanese beetle traps; apply neem oil if infestation is severe; maintain tree vigor

  • Prune infected branches 12 inches below the knot; burn or dispose of infected wood; apply dormant oil and sulfur in spring

  • Strong water spray to dislodge; apply horticultural oil or insecticidal soap; encourage beneficial insects like ladybugs

Uses

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Fresh Eating & Desserts

Culinary

Reine Claude plums are exceptional for eating fresh due to their exceptional sweetness, honey-like flavor, and firm-but-tender flesh. They are prized for making jams, preserves, compotes, and elegant desserts such as plum tarts and poached plums. [source]

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Pruneaux & Dried Fruit

Culinary

Reine Claude fruits are traditionally dried to make premium prunes (pruneaux in French), which are sweeter and less tart than many commercial prune varieties. Dried Reine Claude prunes are considered a delicacy in European cuisine. [source]

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Digestive Health

Medicinal

Plums, particularly Reine Claude, are rich in sorbitol and dietary fiber, which promote healthy digestion and gut motility. Both fresh and dried fruits have been traditionally used to support digestive function and natural laxative properties. [source]

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Antioxidant & Nutritional Value

Household

Reine Claude plums contain high levels of antioxidants including phenolic compounds, vitamin C, and vitamin K, supporting overall health and immune function. The fruits are low in calories and rich in essential minerals. [source]

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Pollinator & Wildlife Support

Wildlife

The abundant spring blossoms attract bees and other pollinators essential for fruit set. Ripe fruits provide valuable late-summer food for birds and wildlife, supporting ecosystem health in home orchards. [source]

This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.

Harvest Tips

Harvest fully ripe fruits in late summer (typically July-August in Northern Hemisphere) when they reach full greenish-gold color and yield slightly to gentle pressure. Fruits do not ripen significantly after picking, so wait for peak ripeness on the tree. Pick early morning when fruits are coolest. Handle gently to avoid bruising. Reine Claude keeps well in cool storage (32-40°F) for 2-4 weeks.

Fun Facts

  • 🌱 Reine Claude translates to 'Queen Claude' in French and is named after Queen Claude of France (16th century), wife of King Francis I, to whom the plum was gifted for her exceptional flavor and quality.
  • 🌱 This heirloom cultivar is one of the oldest cultivated plum varieties still widely grown and is considered the ancestral type for the 'Greengage' plum classification, though Reine Claude is technically distinct with its own superior flavor profile.
  • 🌱 Reine Claude requires cross-pollination from compatible plum varieties to produce fruit abundantly, making it essential to plant at least two different plum varieties for successful home orchard production.

Gardening Terms

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