How to Grow Red Clover 'Medium'

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Red Clover 'Medium'

Trifolium pratense 'Medium'

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Red Clover 'Medium' is a perennial legume with distinctive deep pink to reddish flower heads and trifoliate leaves. This variety is intermediate in maturity between early and late types, making it versatile for hay production, pasture, and cover cropping. It enriches soil through nitrogen fixation and provides nutritional and medicinal benefits.

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Example Red Clover 'Medium' timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)

  1. Plant Red Clover 'Medium'

    Around Apr 17

    Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.

  2. Tend & protect

    Late spring–summer

    Watering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.

  3. Harvest Red Clover 'Medium'

    Late summer into fall

    Before the first fall frost (≈ Nov 8)

Sample dates for Pittsburgh, PA. Sign up to get exact Red Clover 'Medium' dates for your own zip code.

Growing Conditions

☀️
Sun: Full sun, 6-8 hours daily; tolerates partial shade
💧
Water: Moderate moisture; prefers consistent soil moisture without waterlogging. Once established, fairly drought-tolerant. Requires 15-20 inches of annual rainfall or equivalent irrigation.
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Spacing: 6 inches
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Days to maturity: 90-120 days to first flowering; productive for 2-3 years
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Planting depth: 0.25

Soil

Type: Well-draining loamy soil with moderate fertility
pH: 6.0-7.0
Amendments:
Phosphorus Potassium Lime (if soil is acidic) Boron (trace amounts)

Growing Zones

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Thrives in zones 2-8, with best performance in zones 3-7

2a 2b 3a 3b 4a 4b 5a 5b 6a 6b 7a 7b 8a

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Growth Stages

1

Seedling

2-3 weeks

Small sprouts with cotyledons and first true leaves emerge. Delicate appearance with thin stems.

Keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Protect from heavy foot traffic. Thin seedlings if overcrowded.

2

Vegetative Growth

4-8 weeks

Plant develops deep root system and multiple stems with characteristic trifoliate leaves. Low rosette growth before bolting.

Water regularly during dry spells. Allow root system to develop before heavy grazing or cutting. Light nitrogen is not needed due to nitrogen fixation.

3

Flowering

4-6 weeks

Dense, rounded flower heads of reddish-pink flowers appear on tall stems. Peak protein and nutrient content.

Harvest for hay at early bloom stage for best quality. Bees are attracted; avoid pesticides. Flowering typically occurs in early to mid-summer.

4

Seed Development

3-4 weeks

Flowers transition to seed pods; foliage remains green but energy focuses on seed production.

Allow some plants to go to seed for self-seeding or seed collection. Secondary growth can occur after seed set.

5

Dormancy/Regrowth

Varies by climate

In autumn and winter, growth slows or stops. Plant overwinters and regrows in spring for multiple harvests per season.

No special care needed in dormancy. Spring growth begins when temperatures warm. Can cut or graze once regrowth is 8-10 inches tall.

Companion Planting

Plan your garden →

Plant with:

Avoid planting near:

Black walnut (juglone toxicity) Fennel (allelopathic)

Common Pests

  • Rotate crops; early cutting disrupts lifecycle; resistant varieties; encourage natural predators

  • Cutting at boot stage; timely harvest; crop rotation; insecticidal soap as last resort

  • Strong water spray; beneficial insects like ladybugs and lacewings; neem oil for severe infestations

  • Adequate irrigation; encourage humidity; predatory mites; miticide if severe

  • Good air circulation; avoid overhead watering; sulfur dust or fungicides in severe cases

Uses

🍳

Herbal tea and food

Culinary

Red clover flowers and leaves can be dried and brewed into a mild, slightly sweet tea. Used in herbal blends and as a nutritional food supplement. [source]

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Traditional herbal remedy

Medicinal

Traditionally used in herbal medicine to support respiratory health, skin conditions, and hormonal balance. Contains isoflavones studied for various health applications. [source]

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Livestock forage and hay

Household

Excellent nutritious forage for cattle, sheep, horses, and goats. High in protein and digestible fiber, making it valuable for hay production and pasture. [source]

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Pollinator support

Wildlife

Flowers are highly attractive to bees, butterflies, and other pollinators. Provides abundant nectar and pollen throughout the flowering season. [source]

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Cover crop and soil improvement

Household

Fixes atmospheric nitrogen through symbiotic relationship with rhizobia bacteria, enriching soil and reducing need for synthetic fertilizers. Improves soil structure and prevents erosion. [source]

This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.

Harvest Tips

Harvest for hay at early bloom stage (beginning of pink flowering) for optimal nutritional content and digestibility. Cut when soil is dry to prevent damage. For grazing, allow growth to 8-10 inches before turning livestock on. Multiple cuttings are possible in one season. Seed can be harvested when flower heads dry and turn brown.

Fun Facts

  • 🌱 Red Clover 'Medium' is called 'medium' because it reaches physiological maturity between early and late varieties, making it a mid-season type widely used in temperate pasture systems.
  • 🌱 A single red clover plant can fix 200-300 pounds of nitrogen per acre per year through its symbiotic relationship with Rhizobium bacteria in root nodules.
  • 🌱 Red clover has been used in traditional European herbalism for centuries and remains one of the most economically important forage legumes in temperate climates worldwide.

Gardening Terms

New to gardening? Learn about terms used in this guide:

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