How to Grow Chicory
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Chicory
Cichorium intybus
vegetableChicory is a perennial plant with deep taproots, cultivated for its slightly bitter leaves and roots. It can be grown as a leafy green vegetable (radicchio and endive are chicory varieties) or for its roasted root used as a coffee substitute. This hardy plant is nutritious and drought-tolerant once established.
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Example Chicory timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)
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Plant Chicory
Around Apr 17Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.
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Tend & protect
Late spring–summerWatering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.
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Harvest Chicory
Around Jun 16≈ 60 days after planting
Sample dates for Pittsburgh, PA. Sign up to get exact Chicory dates for your own zip code.
Growing Conditions
Soil
Growing Zones
Find your zone →Thrives in zones 3-9; extremely cold-hardy and adaptable
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Get my Chicory timeline →Growth Stages
Germination & Seedling
2-3 weeksSeeds sprout within 7-14 days; seedlings develop first true leaves with characteristic elongated shape
Keep soil moist but not waterlogged; thin seedlings to proper spacing; provide bright light if starting indoors
Vegetative Growth
4-6 weeksPlant develops rosette of deeply lobed or smooth leaves depending on variety; taproot extends downward
Water regularly; side-dress with compost; remove flower stalks if harvesting leaves only; maintain consistent moisture
Leaf Development & Blanching
3-4 weeksOuter leaves mature and become larger; inner leaves can be blanched to reduce bitterness by covering plant
For radicchio, cover heads to encourage tight formation; blanch endive varieties with light-blocking material for tender, pale inner leaves
Root Maturation
8-10 weeksIf grown for roots, taproot thickens and accumulates sugars; leaves continue growing above ground
Continue watering; avoid nitrogen-heavy fertilizer which promotes leaf over root growth; roots are ready when 1-2 inches diameter
Harvest & Storage
Ongoing through seasonLeaves are tender in spring and fall; roots are harvestable after frost which increases sweetness
Harvest outer leaves continuously or entire head at once; dig roots carefully to avoid breaking taproot; store roots in cool, humid conditions
Companion Planting
Plan your garden →Plant with:
Avoid planting near:
Common Pests
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Spray with insecticidal soap; encourage natural predators like ladybugs; strong water spray to dislodge
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Use row covers on young plants; dust with diatomaceous earth; apply neem oil if severe
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and
Handpick in early morning; copper barriers; beer traps; encourage ground beetles
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Use row covers; practice crop rotation; apply beneficial nematodes to soil
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Improve air circulation; spray with sulfur or neem oil; remove infected leaves; avoid overhead watering
Uses
Salad greens and cooked vegetables
CulinaryChicory leaves are eaten raw in salads (with a pleasant bitter flavor) or cooked like spinach. Radicchio varieties form tight heads prized for color and flavor in composed salads and grilled dishes. [source]
Coffee substitute and root vegetable
CulinaryChicory roots are roasted, ground, and brewed as a caffeine-free coffee alternative or mixed with coffee. The roasted root has a slightly sweet, nutty flavor and has been traditionally used for centuries. [source]
Digestive and liver support
MedicinalChicory contains inulin, a prebiotic fiber that supports digestive health and beneficial gut bacteria. Traditionally used in herbal medicine to support liver function and bile production. [source]
Natural food additive and dye
HouseholdChicory root extract is used as a natural thickener and flavor additive in foods and beverages. The plant can produce natural dyes for textiles. [source]
Pollinator and beneficial insect support
WildlifeChicory flowers are attractive to bees, butterflies, and other pollinators. Flowering plants support wildlife gardens and can be left standing for late-season insect forage. [source]
This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.
Harvest Tips
For fresh greens: harvest outer leaves continuously or cut entire head 1 inch above soil line for regrowth; young leaves are less bitter. For radicchio: harvest tight heads when they reach tennis-ball size. For roots: wait until after first frost to increase sugar content, then carefully dig to preserve the full taproot. Roots can be stored in cool cellar conditions for several months.
Fun Facts
- 🌱 Chicory flowers are a striking bright blue and only open in the early morning hours, earning it the nickname 'blue dandelion'
- 🌱 Chicory has been cultivated since ancient Egyptian times and was used by Napoleon's army as a coffee substitute during blockades
- 🌱 The plant has an exceptionally deep taproot that can reach 3-4 feet, allowing it to access water and nutrients far below the soil surface, making it extremely drought-tolerant
Gardening Terms
New to gardening? Learn about terms used in this guide:
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