How to Grow Native Hawaiian Groundcovers
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Native Hawaiian Groundcovers
Multiple species (see varieties)
groundcoverNative Hawaiian groundcovers are a diverse group of low-growing plants that evolved in Hawaii's unique ecosystems, ranging from coastal to alpine environments. These plants are typically drought-tolerant once established, require minimal maintenance, and provide excellent erosion control while supporting native pollinators and wildlife. They represent sustainable alternatives to turf grass in Hawaiian landscapes and are perfectly adapted to local growing conditions.
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Example Native Hawaiian Groundcovers timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)
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Plant Native Hawaiian Groundcovers
Around Apr 17Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.
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Tend & protect
Late spring–summerWatering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.
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Harvest Native Hawaiian Groundcovers
Around Jul 16≈ 90 days after planting
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Growing Conditions
Soil
Growing Zones
Find your zone →Zones 10-11 (Hawaii and similar tropical/subtropical climates)
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Establishment
4-8 weeksYoung plants developing root systems and initial shoots after planting
Water regularly (2-3 times weekly) to keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Mulch around plants to retain moisture and regulate soil temperature. Avoid traffic on newly planted areas.
Vegetative Growth
8-16 weeksPlants filling in and developing stronger stems and foliage coverage
Gradually reduce watering frequency as plants establish. Monitor for weeds and remove by hand. Avoid heavy fertilization; most native species thrive in poor soil. Light pruning to shape may encourage branching.
Mature Coverage
Ongoing (6+ months after planting)Plants form dense groundcover mat with full canopy coverage of intended area
Water only during extended dry periods. Minimal fertilizer needed. Light annual pruning maintains shape. Remove any dead or diseased sections. Prune back if plants become too dense or overgrow borders.
Flowering (seasonal species)
Varies by species (typically weeks to months seasonally)Species that flower produce small blooms that attract native pollinators
Allow flowers to remain for wildlife benefit. Dead-head spent flowers only if plant becomes straggly. Do not over-prune during blooming season.
Companion Planting
Plan your garden →Plant with:
Avoid planting near:
Common Pests
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and
Hand-pick early morning or evening; use copper barriers; encourage native predators like thrushes
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Ensure excellent drainage; avoid overwatering; remove affected plants and allow soil to dry between waterings
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Spray with water to dislodge; use insecticidal soap if severe; encourage native parasitic wasps
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Hand-pull before weeds flower; mulch to suppress germination; avoid herbicides near native plants
Uses
Erosion Control & Landscaping
HouseholdNative groundcovers prevent soil erosion on slopes and stabilize embankments while reducing maintenance needs compared to turfgrass. They improve landscape aesthetics while supporting ecosystem health. [source]
Pollinator & Native Wildlife Habitat
WildlifeMany native Hawaiian groundcovers produce flowers that attract endemic Hawaiian honeycreepers, native bees, and other pollinators. They provide food and shelter for native insects and small animals. [source]
Traditional Hawaiian Medicine
MedicinalSeveral species (such as certain 'ōhelo varieties and native sedges) have traditional medicinal uses in Hawaiian healing practices, including anti-inflammatory and digestive applications. [source]
Native Food Production
CulinaryGroundcover species bearing edible fruits or leaves (like 'ōhelo) provide locally-adapted food sources while functioning as landscaping elements. [source]
Water Conservation Landscaping
HouseholdNative groundcovers require minimal supplemental irrigation once established, making them ideal for drought-resistant, sustainable xeriscaping in Hawaiian gardens. [source]
This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.
Harvest Tips
Most native Hawaiian groundcovers are ornamental and not harvested. Some (like 'ōhelo berry groundcovers) may produce edible fruits—harvest when ripe by gently picking by hand. For medicinal species, harvest leaves in early morning after dew dries, using sustainable practices that do not deplete populations.
Fun Facts
- 🌱 Hawaii has over 1,000 native plant species found nowhere else on Earth, many of which evolved from just a few colonizing species millions of years ago.
- 🌱 Native Hawaiian groundcovers have evolved to thrive in volcanic soils with minimal nutrients, making them extremely low-maintenance once established in their native environment.
- 🌱 Planting native groundcovers helps prevent the spread of invasive species like fountain grass that can fuel destructive wildfires in Hawaiian ecosystems.
Gardening Terms
New to gardening? Learn about terms used in this guide:
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