How to Grow Flowering Tobacco

Flowering Tobacco

Nicotiana alata

flower

Flowering tobacco is an ornamental annual or tender perennial prized for its tubular, star-shaped flowers that release an intoxicating fragrance in the evening. The plant produces delicate blooms in shades of pink, red, white, purple, and bicolor combinations, growing on tall, leafy stems. It attracts hummingbirds and pollinators while adding vertical interest and evening perfume to garden beds and containers.

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Example Flowering Tobacco timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)

  1. Plant Flowering Tobacco

    Around Apr 17

    Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.

  2. Tend & protect

    Late spring–summer

    Watering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.

  3. First Flowering Tobacco blooms

    Around Jun 16

    ≈ 60 days after planting

Sample dates for Pittsburgh, PA. Sign up to get exact Flowering Tobacco dates for your own zip code.

Growing Conditions

☀️
Sun: Full sun to part shade; prefers 6-8 hours of direct sun daily, with afternoon shade in hot climates
💧
Water: Keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Water deeply at the base in the morning. Increase frequency during hot, dry periods. Reduce watering in winter if growing as perennial.
📏
Spacing: 12-18 inches apart for bushy plants; 6-12 inches for more compact varieties inches
📅
Days to maturity: 60-90 days from seed to first flowers
🌱
Planting depth: Press seeds onto soil surface or barely cover; they need light to germinate

Soil

Type: Well-draining, fertile loamy soil
pH: 6.0-7.0
Amendments:
Compost Peat moss or coco coir Perlite for drainage Balanced fertilizer (10-10-10)

Growing Zones

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Performs best in zones 5-10; grown as annual in cooler zones, perennial in warm zones

2a 2b 3a 3b 4a 4b 5a 5b 6a 6b 7a 7b 8a 8b 9a 9b 10a 10b

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Growth Stages

1

Germination & Seedling

2-3 weeks

Tiny seedlings emerge with first true leaves appearing within 10-14 days. Plants are delicate with narrow, elongated leaves.

Keep soil consistently moist but not soggy. Provide bright, indirect light under grow lights or on a sunny windowsill. Maintain temperature around 70-75°F. Do not cover seeds; they need light to germinate.

2

Vegetative Growth

3-4 weeks

Plants develop deeper green foliage and multiple stems. Height increases steadily, with larger, more robust leaves forming along the stems.

Thin seedlings to appropriate spacing. Transplant to larger containers or harden off for garden planting once 3-4 true leaves appear. Begin feeding with diluted balanced fertilizer every 2 weeks. Pinch off terminal buds to encourage bushier growth if desired.

3

Budding & Flowering

6-10 weeks (continuous with deadheading)

Flower buds form at stem tips, then open into star-shaped tubular blooms. Flowers typically open in late afternoon and release strong fragrance overnight.

Switch to phosphorus-rich fertilizer (5-10-10) to promote flowering. Continue consistent watering. Deadhead spent flowers to encourage continuous blooming. Stake taller varieties if needed. Enjoy evening fragrance.

4

Peak Bloom & Seed Set

8-12 weeks

Plant is covered with blooms in succession. If flowers are not deadheaded, small green seed pods develop in place of spent flowers.

Continue deadheading for prolonged flowering. If allowing seed to set (for saving seeds), stop deadheading select stems. Allow seeds to mature and dry on the plant before collecting.

5

Senescence & Winter Dormancy

4-8 weeks (varies by zone)

In cooler zones, plants decline with fall frost. In warm zones, perennial plants may slow growth during winter months before regenerating in spring.

In zones 3-9, allow first frost to kill plants, then remove and compost. In zones 10+, reduce watering and fertilizing; prune back by one-third in late winter to rejuvenate. Collect seed before the first hard freeze if desired.

Companion Planting

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Plant with:

Avoid planting near:

Other Nicotiana species (cross-pollination) Heavy shade trees Extremely wet-tolerant plants in poorly draining soil

Common Pests

  • Spray with water to dislodge; use insecticidal soap or neem oil if severe. Encourage beneficial insects like ladybugs.

  • Hand-pick large caterpillars from plants. Use Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) for organic control. Remove and destroy infested foliage.

  • Increase humidity and water misting. Use insecticidal soap or neem oil. Prune heavily infested foliage.

  • Use sticky traps to monitor and trap. Spray with neem oil or insecticidal soap. Improve air circulation.

  • and

    Remove by hand at dusk. Create barriers with copper tape or diatomaceous earth. Use slug traps or bait if needed.

  • Improve air circulation and reduce leaf wetness. Spray with sulfur or fungicide at first sign. Remove heavily affected leaves.

Uses

🍳

Evening Garden Fragrance

Culinary

Flowering tobacco is prized for its intensely sweet, intoxicating fragrance released during evening hours, making it ideal for evening gardens and cutting for indoor bouquets. [source]

🦋

Hummingbird & Pollinator Magnet

Wildlife

The tubular flowers are perfectly designed to attract hummingbirds and hawk moths, while also drawing butterflies and bees to the garden. [source]

🎨

Cut Flower Arrangements

Craft

Flowering tobacco stems last 7-10 days in a vase and add height, texture, and evening fragrance to fresh flower arrangements and bouquets. [source]

🏠

Ornamental Garden Design

Household

Tall varieties provide vertical interest and are used as backdrop plantings in borders, while dwarf varieties work well in containers and bedding displays. [source]

💊

Traditional Uses

Medicinal

Historically, Nicotiana species were used in traditional medicine in various cultures; modern ornamental varieties are grown purely for aesthetic and fragrance purposes. [source]

This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.

Harvest Tips

For cut flowers, harvest in the morning or evening when blooms are freshly opened and most fragrant. Cut stems at a 45-degree angle just below a node. Remove lower leaves that would sit below the waterline. For seed saving, allow flowers to fade and dry on the plant. Once seed pods turn brown and papery (late summer/fall), cut entire seed heads and dry indoors. Store seeds in a cool, dry place for up to 2-3 years.

Fun Facts

  • 🌱 Flowering tobacco's evening fragrance is most intense during dusk and nighttime hours, with some varieties releasing virtually no scent during the day—this timing may have evolved to attract night-flying hawk moths as pollinators.
  • 🌱 The plant is a relative of the tobacco plant (Nicotiana tabacum) and contains similar alkaloids, but ornamental Nicotiana alata varieties have been bred for flowers rather than leaf production.
  • 🌱 Seeds of flowering tobacco are incredibly tiny—over 10,000 seeds can weigh just one gram—making them challenging to handle but rewarding for seed savers to collect and propagate.

Gardening Terms

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