How to Grow Hawaiian Greensword

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Hawaiian Greensword

Dubautia arborea

shrub

Hawaiian Greensword is an endemic Hawaiian shrub known for its distinctive sword-like, silvery-green foliage and delicate yellow flowers. This rare plant is part of the Asteraceae family and is found naturally in the volcanic landscapes of Hawaii. It is valued for its ornamental appeal and ecological significance as a native Hawaiian species.

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Example Hawaiian Greensword timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)

  1. Plant Hawaiian Greensword

    Around Apr 17

    Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.

  2. Tend & protect

    Late spring–summer

    Watering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.

  3. Harvest Hawaiian Greensword

    Late summer into fall

    Before the first fall frost (≈ Nov 8)

Sample dates for Pittsburgh, PA. Sign up to get exact Hawaiian Greensword dates for your own zip code.

Growing Conditions

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Sun: Full sun, 6-8 hours daily; tolerates partial shade in very hot climates
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Water: Moderate water needs; drought tolerant once established; water deeply but allow soil to dry between waterings; reduce watering in winter
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Spacing: 24 inches
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Days to maturity: Not applicable for ornamental shrub; reaches mature size in 2-3 years
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Planting depth: Plant at same depth as root ball; keep top of root ball level with soil surface

Soil

Type: Well-draining, volcanic or sandy loam soil
pH: 6.0-7.0
Amendments:
Perlite or pumice for drainage Composted bark Organic compost

Growing Zones

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Thrives in USDA zones 10-11; best suited to warm, tropical and subtropical climates

10a 10b 11a 11b

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Growth Stages

1

Establishment

6-12 months

Young plant with compact, silvery-green foliage establishing root system

Keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged; protect from strong winds; provide afternoon shade in very hot regions

2

Vegetative Growth

12-24 months

Shrub develops fuller form with elongated sword-like leaves; gradual height increase

Maintain moderate watering; apply balanced fertilizer monthly during growing season; minimal pruning needed except to shape

3

Flowering

3-6 months (spring through summer)

Small yellow flowers appear in terminal clusters; blooming period extends over several months

Continue regular watering; flowers are delicate and attract pollinators; maintain consistent care routine

4

Mature

Ongoing; can persist for many years

Fully developed shrub with distinctive silvery-green sword-shaped foliage; established root system

Water only during dry periods; reduce fertilizer to quarterly applications; prune lightly to maintain shape; drought tolerant

5

Seed Production

1-2 months after flowering

Small seeds develop within dried flower heads; seeds become viable for collection

Allow flowers to fully mature on plant; collect seeds in paper bags; seeds can be difficult to propagate; store dry and cool

Companion Planting

Plan your garden →

Plant with:

Metrosideros polymorpha (Ohia Lehua) Dodonaea viscosa (Hopbush) Myoporum sandwicense (Naio) Railliardia (Hawaiin Daisy) Chenopodium oahuense (Aweoweo)

Avoid planting near:

Plants requiring consistent moisture Competing aggressive species Salt-tolerant plants in non-coastal settings

Common Pests

  • Spray with water; use neem oil or miticide if infestation is severe; increase humidity around plant

  • Remove manually with soft brush; apply horticultural oil or insecticidal soap; monitor regularly

  • Use yellow sticky traps; spray with neem oil or insecticidal soap; improve air circulation

  • Improve air circulation; apply sulfur-based fungicide; remove affected foliage; avoid overhead watering

Uses

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Landscape & Garden Display

Ornamental

Dubautia arborea is prized as an ornamental specimen plant for its striking silvery-green sword-like foliage and delicate yellow flowers. It serves as a focal point in native Hawaiian gardens, xeriscapes, and tropical landscapes. [source]

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Native Pollinator Support

Wildlife

The small yellow flowers attract native Hawaiian insects and pollinators, including native bees and insects. Supporting these pollinators helps maintain local ecosystem balance and biodiversity. [source]

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Cut Flower Arrangements

Household

The distinctive foliage and delicate flowers can be used in fresh or dried floral arrangements. The silvery-green leaves provide interesting texture and the yellow flowers add color to tropical bouquets. [source]

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Traditional Hawaiian Uses

Medicinal

Like many endemic Hawaiian plants, Dubautia arborea has potential ethnobotanical significance in traditional Hawaiian practices. Research into native Hawaiian plant uses continues to explore historical applications. [source]

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Native Plant Conservation

Craft

Growing Dubautia arborea contributes to the preservation and propagation of endemic Hawaiian species. Home gardeners can participate in conservation efforts by cultivating and sharing this rare native plant. [source]

This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.

Harvest Tips

For ornamental use, prune lightly year-round to maintain attractive form; harvest flowers for arrangements when fully open; collect seeds by allowing flower heads to dry on plant, then harvest into paper bags; seeds are difficult to propagate but can be stored for future use

Fun Facts

  • 🌱 Dubautia arborea is endemic to Hawaii, meaning it is found naturally nowhere else on Earth, making it a unique botanical treasure
  • 🌱 The genus Dubautia is part of the silversword alliance, a remarkable group of Hawaiian plants that evolved from a single ancestor and diversified into multiple forms adapted to different island habitats
  • 🌱 The silvery-green coloration of the foliage helps the plant reflect intense sunlight and reduce water loss in Hawaii's volcanic terrain

Gardening Terms

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