How to Grow Anubias barteri var. barteri

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Anubias barteri var. barteri

Anubias barteri var. barteri

aquatic plant

Anubias barteri var. barteri is a slow-growing, hardy aquatic plant native to West Africa, characterized by thick, leathery dark green leaves and a compact rhizome. It thrives in low-light conditions and is exceptionally tolerant of varied water parameters, making it ideal for beginner aquarists. The plant rarely requires fertilization and can live for many years with minimal care.

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Example Anubias barteri var. barteri timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)

  1. Plant Anubias barteri var. barteri

    Around Apr 17

    Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.

  2. Tend & protect

    Late spring–summer

    Watering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.

  3. Harvest Anubias barteri var. barteri

    Late summer into fall

    Before the first fall frost (≈ Nov 8)

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Growing Conditions

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Sun: Low to moderate light; 2-4 hours of lighting daily is sufficient; prefers shade and can be damaged by intense direct light
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Water: Keep water column stable; prefers established aquariums with regular water changes (25% weekly recommended). Tolerates a wide range of parameters but prefers slightly acidic to neutral pH. Root rot can occur in very poor water conditions.
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Spacing: 6-12 inches (150-300 mm) between plants to allow space for growth and water circulation inches
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Days to maturity: Slow-growing; reaches full mature size in 6-12 months; can take years to become a large specimen
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Planting depth: Do not bury the rhizome; plant with the rhizome at or slightly above the substrate surface. Tie to rocks or driftwood with fishing line if needed until roots anchor.

Soil

Type: Aquatic substrate (inert gravel, sand, or aquasoil); do not bury the rhizome
pH: 6.0-7.5
Amendments:
Root tabs (optional, for rooted fertilization) Liquid fertilizers (optional, for micronutrients)

Growth Stages

1

Establishment Phase

2-4 weeks

Plant is freshly introduced to the aquarium with visible leaves and visible rhizome; may show minimal growth for 2-4 weeks

Maintain stable water parameters; avoid moving or disturbing the plant; ensure gentle water flow; do not fertilize aggressively

2

Root Development

3-8 weeks

Thin white rhizoids emerge from the rhizome and anchor into substrate; existing leaves remain healthy

Ensure substrate does not bury rhizome; maintain consistent lighting and temperature; perform regular water changes

3

Vegetative Growth

Ongoing, several months

New leaves gradually unfold from the center; leaves are small initially and darken over time; growth is very slow but steady

Maintain low to moderate lighting; avoid fertilization unless nutrient deficiency appears (yellowing older leaves); gently remove any algae on leaves with a soft brush

4

Maturation

6+ months onwards

Plant reaches its intended size with multiple clusters of thick, dark green leathery leaves; rhizome may develop multiple growth points

Reduce fertilization; prune old or damaged leaves by cutting at the base; monitor for algae and remove with manual cleaning; plant is now hardy and low-maintenance

5

Flowering (Optional)

Brief, if it occurs

In mature plants, small cream-colored spadix flowers may emerge above the water surface under optimal conditions (rare in aquaria)

Flowering is uncommon in submersed aquatic conditions; if flowers appear, simply allow them to develop naturally; they require no special care

Companion Planting

Plan your garden →

Plant with:

Avoid planting near:

Large, aggressive plants that shed leaves and create excessive detritus Herbivorous fish species that eat plant matter (plecos, goldfish)

Common Pests

  • Remove affected plant and allow rhizome to air-dry for 24-48 hours; trim black or soft tissue; treat with hydrogen peroxide or antifungal medication; replant in fresh substrate with improved water conditions; ensure rhizome is not buried

  • Manually remove with soft brush or cloth; reduce light duration and intensity; increase water flow; add algae-eating fish such as Otocinclus or Amano shrimp; perform more frequent water changes

  • Use hydrogen peroxide spot treatment (1-2 mL per 10 gallons); manually remove affected leaves; increase CO₂ and nutrient availability; use siamese algae eater or China algae eater; improve water flow over affected areas

  • Perform large water changes (50%); check temperature stability (maintain 72-82°F); remove dead leaves; ensure nitrate below 40 ppm and ammonia/nitrite at 0

  • Add liquid fertilizer (all-in-one or NPK formula) weekly; ensure adequate lighting; check water parameters; allow plant to establish longer in stable conditions; add root tabs if substrate is inert

Uses

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Hardscape decoration and focal point

Aquascaping

Anubias barteri is widely used in aquascaping designs to create natural-looking hardscape elements, forming foreground, midground, or background features depending on specimen size. Its dark, glossy foliage contrasts beautifully with lighter plants and substrates. [source]

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Water quality stabilization and fish habitat

Aquatic

As a living plant, Anubias barteri helps absorb excess nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus) from the water column, reducing algae growth and improving water quality. It provides shelter and grazing surfaces for aquatic fauna. [source]

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Breeding and fry protection

Wildlife

Dense leaf clusters provide ideal spawning sites and protective cover for fish fry and small aquatic animals. The plant's slow growth makes it non-invasive while still offering substantial refuge. [source]

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Low-maintenance aquatic decoration

Household

Anubias barteri requires minimal care, fertilization, and lighting compared to most aquatic plants, making it perfect for desktop aquariums, nano tanks, and low-tech setups. It is nearly impossible to kill with reasonable care. [source]

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Beginner aquaponics and planted tank introduction

Educational

The plant's hardiness and forgiving nature make it ideal for beginners learning planted tank management and basic aquatic plant biology. It is commonly recommended for first planted aquariums. [source]

Harvest Tips

Anubias barteri is not harvested in the traditional sense. Propagate by carefully separating the rhizome into sections (each section must have at least one leaf and visible nodes); allow cut surfaces to dry for 1-2 days; tie new sections to substrate anchors with fishing line until roots establish. Remove individual leaves or shoots as needed for maintenance by cutting at the base with clean scissors.

Fun Facts

  • 🌱 Anubias barteri var. barteri is so hardy that it is nearly impossible to kill—it can survive months of darkness, extreme pH ranges (5.0-9.0), and even temporary air exposure, making it one of the most forgiving aquatic plants available.
  • 🌱 The plant's thick, leathery leaves and slow growth are adaptations to its native West African habitat, where it grows in shaded, slow-moving waters with variable nutrient availability.
  • 🌱 Unlike most aquatic plants, Anubias produces flowers and inflorescences (small cream-colored spathes) that can emerge above the waterline; in nature, these are pollinated by insects, but flowering in aquaria is exceptionally rare.

Gardening Terms

New to gardening? Learn about terms used in this guide:

pH

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