How to Grow Scarlet Pimpernel

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Scarlet Pimpernel

Anagallis arvensis

flower

Scarlet Pimpernel is a delicate annual flowering plant native to Europe and the Mediterranean region, known for its brilliant scarlet (sometimes pink or blue) five-petaled flowers. The flowers close in cloudy weather, earning it the nickname 'Poor Man's Barometer.' It has become naturalized in many temperate regions and is valued as an ornamental plant and traditional herbal remedy.

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Example Scarlet Pimpernel timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)

  1. Plant Scarlet Pimpernel

    Around Apr 17

    Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.

  2. Tend & protect

    Late spring–summer

    Watering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.

  3. First Scarlet Pimpernel blooms

    Around Jun 1

    ≈ 45 days after planting

Sample dates for Pittsburgh, PA. Sign up to get exact Scarlet Pimpernel dates for your own zip code.

Growing Conditions

☀️
Sun: Full sun to partial shade, 6+ hours of direct sunlight daily
💧
Water: Moderate watering; allow soil to dry slightly between waterings. Drought-tolerant once established. Reduce watering in wet climates to prevent root rot.
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Spacing: 12 inches
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Days to maturity: 45-60 days from seed to first flowers
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Planting depth: Press seeds into soil surface or cover lightly with 1/8 inch of soil; seeds need light to germinate

Soil

Type: Well-draining sandy loam to loamy soil
pH: 6.0-7.0
Amendments:
Compost for light feeding Sand to improve drainage Perlite if soil tends toward clay

Growing Zones

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Thrives in zones 3-9; prefers cooler to moderate climates

3a 3b 4a 4b 5a 5b 6a 6b 7a 7b 8a 8b 9a 9b

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Growth Stages

1

Seedling

2-3 weeks

Tiny seedlings emerge with opposite, oval cotyledons and develop small lance-shaped true leaves

Keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Provide bright light. Thin seedlings to proper spacing once true leaves appear.

2

Vegetative

2-3 weeks

Plant develops trailing or mounding habit with opposite linear to lance-shaped leaves and increasingly bushy growth

Water moderately. Pinch back growth tips to encourage bushiness if desired. No heavy fertilizing needed; excess nitrogen reduces flowering.

3

Flowering

6-8 weeks or until frost

Delicate five-petaled flowers in scarlet, pink, or occasionally blue appear at leaf axils; flowers open in morning sunshine and close in afternoon or cloudy weather

Deadhead spent flowers to extend bloom season. Water during dry spells. Watch for spider mites in hot, dry conditions.

4

Seed Production

3-4 weeks

After pollination, round seed capsules form at flower sites; capsules mature and darken as seeds ripen

Allow some flowers to remain for seed production if desired for self-seeding next season. Collect capsules before they fully shatter.

5

Frost Sensitivity & End of Season

Variable; until first frost

Plant wilts and dies with first hard frost as it is an annual with no cold hardiness

Plant dies back naturally; remove spent plants and compost. Seeds may self-sow if allowed to mature.

Companion Planting

Plan your garden →

Plant with:

Avoid planting near:

Fennel Dill Large woody shrubs that shade it Plants requiring consistently wet soil

Common Pests

  • Increase humidity and water spray foliage. Use insecticidal soap if severe. Avoid over-fertilizing with nitrogen.

  • Spray with water to dislodge. Apply insecticidal soap or neem oil if populations are heavy.

  • Use yellow sticky traps. Apply neem oil or insecticidal soap. Ensure good air circulation.

  • Improve air circulation. Remove affected leaves. Spray with sulfur or baking soda solution if needed.

Uses

🌿

Garden Ornament & Cottage Flower

Ornamental

Scarlet Pimpernel's brilliant scarlet blooms make it a charming addition to cottage gardens, borders, and wildflower meadows. Its ability to close flowers in response to weather changes adds an intriguing natural phenomenon to garden observation. [source]

💊

Traditional Herbal Remedy

Medicinal

Historically used in European folk medicine for skin conditions, respiratory complaints, and as a general tonic, though efficacy is not well-established by modern medicine. The plant contains saponins and has been used in traditional preparations. [source]

🍳

Edible Flower Garnish

Culinary

The petals are edible with a slightly peppery flavor and can be used as a delicate garnish for salads and desserts, though they should be consumed in moderation. They add visual appeal to contemporary plating. [source]

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Natural Dye Source

Household

The plant has been historically used to produce red and orange dyes, though results are subtle. It remains an interesting option for natural dye experiments and crafting. [source]

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Pollinator Magnet

Wildlife

Scarlet Pimpernel attracts bees and other small insects that visit the flowers for nectar and pollen, supporting pollinator populations in gardens and wild spaces. [source]

This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.

Harvest Tips

For ornamental use, pick flowers at their peak when fully open in morning sunshine to enjoy their vibrant color indoors (flowers close in afternoon). For seed collection, allow flowers to mature into seed capsules, then harvest capsules when they turn brown but before they shatter, dry them indoors, and extract seeds. Harvest can extend throughout the blooming season until frost.

Fun Facts

  • 🌱 Scarlet Pimpernel flowers are barometers of weather—they close up in the afternoon or when rain approaches, leading to the folk name 'Poor Man's Weather Glass' or 'Shepherd's Clock.'
  • 🌱 The plant famously inspired the literary hero 'The Scarlet Pimpernel' by Baroness Emma Orczy (1905), a tale of an English aristocrat rescuing French nobles during the Revolution.
  • 🌱 Despite its name, Scarlet Pimpernel flowers can appear in shades of pink, lilac, or even blue, depending on soil pH and genetic variation—the scarlet form is most common but not exclusive.

Gardening Terms

New to gardening? Learn about terms used in this guide:

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