How to Grow Russian Arborvitae

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Russian Arborvitae

Microbiota decussata

shrub

Russian arborvitae is a low-growing, spreading evergreen shrub native to the mountains of northeastern Russia. It features soft, feathery foliage that transitions from bright green in summer to bronze-purple in winter. This hardy, cold-tolerant plant is prized for its ornamental qualities and ability to thrive in harsh climates.

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Example Russian Arborvitae timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)

  1. Plant Russian Arborvitae

    Around Apr 17

    Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.

  2. Tend & protect

    Late spring–summer

    Watering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.

  3. Harvest Russian Arborvitae

    Late summer into fall

    Before the first fall frost (≈ Nov 8)

Sample dates for Pittsburgh, PA. Sign up to get exact Russian Arborvitae dates for your own zip code.

Growing Conditions

☀️
Sun: Full sun to partial shade; 4-6 hours of direct sunlight daily for best color and density
💧
Water: Moderate watering during establishment; drought-tolerant once established. Water deeply but infrequently. Avoid waterlogged conditions. In winter, provide supplemental water during dry spells before ground freezes.
📏
Spacing: 36-60 inches
📅
Days to maturity: Slow-growing; reaches mature size in 10-15 years
🌱
Planting depth: Plant at same depth as root ball; top of root ball should be level with ground surface

Soil

Type: Well-draining sandy loam to loamy soil
pH: 6.0-7.5
Amendments:
Peat moss or compost for water retention Coarse sand or gravel for drainage Organic matter to improve soil structure

Growing Zones

Find your zone →

Thrives in zones 2-7, with exceptional cold hardiness down to -40°F

2a 2b 3a 3b 4a 4b 5a 5b 6a 6b 7a 7b

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Growth Stages

1

Establishment

First 6-12 months

Young plant with delicate, soft green foliage gradually spreading outward; height 6-12 inches

Water regularly to keep soil consistently moist but not soggy. Mulch around base with 2-3 inches of organic material. Protect from harsh winter winds in first year.

2

Vegetative Growth

Year 2-3

Spreading horizontally; foliage becomes denser and fuller. Height remains low (12-24 inches) while spread increases (24-36 inches)

Water during dry spells. Reduce fertilizer needs as plant establishes. Begin light pruning to shape if desired. Color deepens to bronze in fall.

3

Maturation

Year 4 onward

Densely foliaged mounding form; bright green summer color shifts to deep purple-bronze in winter. Typical mature size 12-24 inches tall by 36-60 inches wide

Minimal watering needed except during extended droughts. No fertilizer required. Prune lightly after winter to remove damaged branches. Winter color is most dramatic.

4

Winter Dormancy

December-March

Foliage transitions to bronze-purple or copper color; maintains its form under snow

No watering needed if soil is moist. Avoid heavy snow breakage by gently brushing off accumulated snow. Provide windbreak protection in exposed sites.

5

Spring Renewal

April-May

New soft green growth emerges; winter color gradually fades as temperatures warm

Resume regular watering as growth begins. Remove any winter-damaged branches. Watch for new tender growth to fill in the plant.

Companion Planting

Plan your garden →

Plant with:

Avoid planting near:

Plants requiring frequent watering Salt-sensitive species Lime-loving plants in acidic-soil-amended areas

Common Pests

  • Spray with strong water stream; use miticide if severe. Improve air circulation. Keep plant adequately watered.

  • Hand-pick bags in fall or early spring. Apply Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) in summer when caterpillars are active.

  • Spray with horticultural oil in early spring before new growth. Prune heavily infested branches.

  • Spray with insecticidal soap or neem oil. Strong water spray can dislodge insects.

Uses

🎨

Holiday and Floral Arrangements

Craft

The soft, feathery foliage and vibrant winter colors make Russian arborvitae excellent for cut arrangements and winter wreaths. Its delicate texture adds depth and visual interest to holiday decorations. [source]

🏠

Groundcover and Landscape Design

Household

Its low-growing, spreading habit makes it ideal for rock gardens, slopes, and as a living groundcover. It provides year-round color and texture with minimal maintenance. [source]

🦋

Winter Shelter and Food

Wildlife

The dense, spreading form provides excellent shelter for small mammals and birds during harsh winters. Some wildlife browse the foliage. [source]

🍳

Traditional Tea and Wellness

Culinary

In traditional Russian and Asian herbalism, arborvitae foliage has been used to make teas believed to support respiratory health and vitality. Contains aromatic compounds with potential wellness benefits. [source]

💊

Traditional Herbal Remedy

Medicinal

Historically used in folk medicine for respiratory support and immune function due to volatile oils and other bioactive compounds. Modern research continues to explore its traditional uses. [source]

This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.

Harvest Tips

Russian arborvitae is an ornamental shrub not typically harvested for crops. However, foliage can be clipped for evergreen arrangements or holiday decorations in moderation without harming the plant. Best cutting in fall or winter when foliage has achieved bronze coloring.

Fun Facts

  • 🌱 Russian arborvitae is exceptionally hardy, thriving in mountainous regions of northeastern Russia where temperatures plunge to -40°F or lower, making it one of the most cold-tolerant broadleaf evergreens available.
  • 🌱 Unlike many evergreens that maintain green color year-round, Russian arborvitae performs a dramatic color transformation in autumn, shifting from bright green to rich bronze-purple as a natural adaptation to extreme cold, then returning to green in spring.
  • 🌱 Despite its name, Russian arborvitae is quite rare in cultivation outside of specialized nurseries and gardens, making it a unique and conversation-starting addition to cold-climate landscapes.

Gardening Terms

New to gardening? Learn about terms used in this guide:

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