How to Grow Ruby Spice Gumbo Limbo
iNaturalist
Ruby Spice Gumbo Limbo
Bursera simaruba
treeRuby Spice is a tropical deciduous tree native to the Caribbean and Central America, known for its striking red and orange peeling bark that reveals smooth pale wood underneath. It grows 25-40 feet tall and produces small fragrant flowers followed by berry-like fruits. The tree is prized as an ornamental specimen for warm climates and requires minimal maintenance once established.
When should you plant Ruby Spice Gumbo Limbo in your zone?
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Example Ruby Spice Gumbo Limbo timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)
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Plant Ruby Spice Gumbo Limbo
Around Apr 17Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.
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Tend & protect
Late spring–summerWatering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.
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Harvest Ruby Spice Gumbo Limbo
Late summer into fallBefore the first fall frost (≈ Nov 8)
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Growing Conditions
Soil
Growing Zones
Find your zone →Thrives in zones 10-11; may survive brief freezes in zone 9b with protection
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Establishment
1-2 yearsYoung transplant or recently planted tree with developing root system; trunk is thin and smooth without characteristic bark peeling
Water regularly (2-3 times weekly in warm months); stake if needed for wind protection; apply 2-3 inch mulch ring around base, keeping away from trunk
Young Growth
2-5 yearsTree develops multiple branches and begins reaching 10-15 feet; characteristic bark peeling becomes visible on older branches
Continue regular watering; fertilize monthly in growing season with balanced fertilizer; prune to shape and remove crossing branches; reduce staking as trunk thickens
Maturation
5-15 yearsTree reaches 20-30+ feet with full canopy; bark peeling is prominent and dramatic with multiple colors; trunk diameter 12-24 inches
Water during drought periods; minimal fertilizing needed; prune only to remove dead/crossing branches; monitor for pests; tree becomes drought-tolerant
Flowering & Fruiting
Spring months, recurring annuallySmall clusters of cream or pink fragrant flowers appear in spring; followed by small oval fruits that ripen from green to brown/red
Flowering occurs once tree is 5-10 years old; no special care needed; allow fruits to drop naturally for wildlife benefit
Dormancy
Variable, typically 2-4 monthsIn winter or prolonged dry seasons, tree may lose most or all foliage; bark becomes more prominent and visually striking
Reduce watering significantly; no fertilizing; do not be alarmed by leaf drop; this is normal and healthy; do not prune during dormancy
Companion Planting
Plan your garden →Plant with:
Avoid planting near:
Common Pests
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Prune affected branches; rarely requires treatment; natural predators usually control populations
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Spray with horticultural oil in early morning; repeat every 10-14 days if needed; improve tree vigor through proper watering
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Mist foliage with water to increase humidity; use neem oil spray if infestation is severe; improve air circulation
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Remove by hand or with water spray; use horticultural oil or insecticidal soap; apply with caution in extreme heat
Uses
Ornamental Shade Tree
HouseholdRuby Spice is valued primarily as a dramatic specimen tree and shade provider in tropical and subtropical landscapes. Its distinctive peeling, colorful bark provides year-round visual interest even when leafless. [source]
Native Wildlife Habitat
WildlifeThe tree's fruits and flowers attract native birds, butterflies, and insects, making it excellent for ecological landscapes. It is a native species to Caribbean ecosystems and supports regional biodiversity. [source]
Traditional Medicine Uses
MedicinalIn traditional Caribbean medicine, various parts of the tree have been used to treat skin conditions, wounds, and inflammation. The resin has antiseptic and antimicrobial properties. [source]
Incense and Perfumery
HouseholdThe aromatic resin of gumbo limbo has been used to create incense and fragrances, with a warm, spicy scent. The wood and resin are sometimes burned for ceremonial purposes. [source]
Wood for Crafts and Carving
CraftThe lightweight, soft wood is traditionally used by Caribbean artisans for carving wooden decorative objects, religious figures, and craft items. The wood is also used for buoys due to its buoyancy. [source]
This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.
Harvest Tips
This is an ornamental tree, not grown for harvesting in the traditional sense. However, if desired, fruits can be collected in late summer/fall when they turn brown or red. Seeds can be collected from mature fruits and cleaned for propagation.
Fun Facts
- 🌱 The common name 'Gumbo Limbo' comes from 'guma' (rubber in West African languages), as the tree's resin was historically used similar to rubber products before synthetic alternatives existed.
- 🌱 The tree's dramatic peeling bark is often called 'tourist tree' because its multicolored, sunburned appearance resembles a sunburned tourist, particularly visible on the red-orange trunk.
- 🌱 Gumbo limbo is extremely drought-tolerant and is one of the first trees to leaf out in spring after dropping all foliage, making it an indicator species of seasonal change in tropical forests.
Gardening Terms
New to gardening? Learn about terms used in this guide:
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