How to Grow Rubens Kale

Wikimedia Commons

Rubens Kale

Brassica oleracea var. acephala

vegetable

Rubens is a curly kale cultivar known for its deeply frilled, dark green leaves and exceptional cold hardiness. This heirloom variety is prized for both culinary use and ornamental appeal, with a sweet flavor that improves after frost. It's a nutrient-dense leafy green that thrives in cool-season gardening.

When should you plant Rubens Kale in your zone?

Get a personalized planting timeline — when to start seeds, transplant, and harvest — based on your USDA zone and local frost dates. Free to start.

Get my Rubens Kale timeline →

Example Rubens Kale timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)

  1. Plant Rubens Kale

    Around Apr 17

    Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.

  2. Tend & protect

    Late spring–summer

    Watering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.

  3. Harvest Rubens Kale

    Around Jun 11

    ≈ 55 days after planting

Sample dates for Pittsburgh, PA. Sign up to get exact Rubens Kale dates for your own zip code.

Growing Conditions

☀️
Sun: Full sun, 6-8 hours daily; tolerates partial shade in hot climates
💧
Water: Consistent moisture; water deeply 1-2 times weekly. Kale prefers steady water supply without waterlogging. Reduce watering frequency in cool seasons.
📏
Spacing: 12 inches
📅
Days to maturity: 55-75 days for baby leaf harvest; 80-100 days for full-sized plants
🌱
Planting depth: 0.25-0.5 inches for seeds; transplants at soil line

Soil

Type: Well-draining, fertile loamy soil rich in organic matter
pH: 6.0-7.5
Amendments:
Compost or aged manure Nitrogen-rich fertilizer or fish emulsion Bone meal for phosphorus Seaweed or kelp for trace minerals

Growing Zones

Find your zone →

Thrives in zones 2-9; best in cooler regions (zones 3-7)

2a 2b 3a 3b 4a 4b 5a 5b 6a 6b 7a 7b 8a 8b 9a

Sign up free to see if Rubens Kale grows in your zone — and get a personalized planting timeline.

Get my Rubens Kale timeline →

Growth Stages

1

Seedling

2-3 weeks

Small, smooth leaves with 2-4 true leaves visible; pale to medium green color.

Keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Provide 12-16 hours of light daily. Thin seedlings to 2-3 inches apart if direct seeding.

2

Vegetative Growth

3-4 weeks

Rosette forms with increasingly frilled, curled leaves; deep green coloration develops.

Maintain consistent watering and fertilize every 2-3 weeks with balanced or nitrogen-heavy fertilizer. Mulch around plants to retain moisture and suppress weeds.

3

Leaf Development

3-4 weeks

Mature, deeply ruffled dark green leaves form in tight rosette; plant reaches full size and density.

Continue regular watering and monthly fertilization. Begin harvesting outer leaves once plant is 8-10 inches tall. Maintain consistent moisture for tender leaves.

4

Mature Harvest Ready

4-8 weeks or until end of season

Full-sized plant with abundant, densely curled leaves; flavor sweetens after light frost.

Cold improves sweetness and texture. Harvest regularly to encourage new leaf production. Remove any yellowing or damaged lower leaves.

5

Extended Season

6-12 weeks depending on climate

Plant continues producing leaves through fall and early winter; extreme cold hardens leaves further.

Rubens tolerates temperatures to -10°F. Provide row covers or cold frames in harsh winter zones. Continue light harvesting if plant remains viable.

Companion Planting

Plan your garden →

Plant with:

Avoid planting near:

Broccoli Cabbage Cauliflower Other Brassicas Fennel Pole Beans Rue Tomatoes

Common Pests

  • Use row covers on young plants; apply Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) spray; handpick caterpillars; encourage natural predators like parasitic wasps.

  • Apply Bt spray; use netting; handpick; plant trap crops like nasturtium nearby.

  • Use reflective mulches; apply kaolin clay spray; encourage beneficial insects; rotate crops annually.

  • Spray with strong water stream; apply insecticidal soap; use neem oil; introduce ladybugs and lacewings.

  • Handpick and destroy eggs/bugs; use reflective mulch; plant trap crops; apply neem oil as needed.

Uses

🍳

Nutritious Leafy Green

Culinary

Rubens kale is excellent fresh in salads, smoothies, or as a cooked side dish. Its tender leaves and sweet flavor make it more palatable than some other kale varieties, especially after frost exposure. [source]

🍳

Chips and Crisps

Culinary

The curly leaves are ideal for making homemade kale chips through roasting with oil and seasonings, creating a healthy snack alternative to potato chips. [source]

💊

Nutritional Supplement

Medicinal

Rubens kale is exceptionally nutrient-dense, providing vitamin K, vitamin C, calcium, iron, and antioxidants. Traditionally used to support immune function and bone health. [source]

🌿

Garden Decoration

Ornamental

The deeply frilled, dark green foliage is attractive in ornamental gardens, borders, and containers. Often used in winter arrangements for its texture and color retention. [source]

🏠

Long-Term Storage

Household

Rubens kale keeps well in the refrigerator for 5-7 days and can be blanched and frozen for longer storage, making it ideal for season extension. [source]

This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.

Harvest Tips

Begin harvesting outer leaves when plant reaches 8-10 inches tall; pick lower, older leaves first to encourage new growth. Harvest in morning for best flavor and texture. Continue harvesting throughout season; flavor improves after light frost (around 20-32°F). For baby leaf kale, harvest at 30-40 days when leaves are 4-6 inches long. Cut or gently pinch leaves rather than pulling to avoid damaging central growing point.

Fun Facts

  • 🌱 Rubens kale's flavor becomes noticeably sweeter and milder after exposure to frost, as the plant converts starches to sugars as a natural antifreeze mechanism.
  • 🌱 Unlike many vegetables, kale is technically a leaf and not a head; Rubens is a 'non-heading' kale variety that continuously produces new leaves from the central stem.
  • 🌱 Rubens is an heirloom variety that originated in European gardens and has been cultivated for centuries, prized for both its hardiness and culinary excellence in cool-season regions.

Gardening Terms

New to gardening? Learn about terms used in this guide:

Join 30,000 gardeners planning their gardens with LizPlants.

Get your personalized Rubens Kale planting timeline

Tell us your zip code and we'll calculate exactly when to start Rubens Kale seeds, transplant seedlings, and harvest — based on your USDA zone and local frost dates. Includes calendar reminders and printable task lists. Free to start.

Get my Rubens Kale timeline →