How to Grow Rosso di Treviso

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Rosso di Treviso

Cichorium intybus var. foliosum

vegetable

Rosso di Treviso is an Italian heirloom chicory with striking deep red and white variegated leaves that form elongated, tightly packed heads. This cool-season brassica relative is prized for its slightly bitter, complex flavor and elegant appearance in salads and cooked dishes. It requires specific timing and cooler temperatures to develop its characteristic coloring.

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Example Rosso di Treviso timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)

  1. Plant Rosso di Treviso

    Around Apr 17

    Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.

  2. Tend & protect

    Late spring–summer

    Watering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.

  3. Harvest Rosso di Treviso

    Around Jul 1

    ≈ 75 days after planting

Sample dates for Pittsburgh, PA. Sign up to get exact Rosso di Treviso dates for your own zip code.

Growing Conditions

☀️
Sun: Full sun to partial shade, 6+ hours daily
💧
Water: Consistent moisture; water deeply 1-2 times weekly. Keep soil evenly moist but not waterlogged. Inconsistent watering can increase bitterness.
📏
Spacing: 9 inches
📅
Days to maturity: 75-100 days from seed; coloring develops best after light frost
🌱
Planting depth: 0.25

Soil

Type: Well-draining, fertile loamy soil
pH: 6.0-7.0
Amendments:
Compost aged manure balanced organic fertilizer

Growing Zones

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Zones 4-9; best grown as a fall/winter crop in warm climates

3a 3b 4a 4b 5a 5b 6a 6b 7a 7b 8a 8b 9a

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Growth Stages

1

Seedling

2-3 weeks

Small green cotyledons emerge; true leaves follow within 7-10 days

Keep soil consistently moist but not saturated. Provide bright light to prevent leggy growth. Thin seedlings to proper spacing once they have 2-3 true leaves.

2

Vegetative Growth

4-6 weeks

Plant develops rosette of deeply lobed green leaves; leaf count increases steadily

Maintain consistent watering and provide balanced fertilizer every 2-3 weeks. Remove any flower bolts that form. Ensure adequate spacing to allow good air circulation.

3

Head Formation

3-4 weeks

Leaves begin to blanch and elongate into a more compact, upright head structure

Reduce nitrogen fertilizer to encourage heading. Cool temperatures (50-60°F) accelerate this stage. Light frost triggers anthocyanin production, deepening red coloring.

4

Coloring & Maturity

2-3 weeks

Deep crimson and white variegation becomes prominent; head becomes firm and dense

Temperature drop below 50°F enhances red pigmentation. Maintain steady watering. Avoid overhead irrigation to prevent leaf diseases.

5

Harvest Ready

Peak 1-2 weeks

Fully developed, firm head with vibrant red-and-white striping; leaves crisp and tightly packed

Harvest in morning when leaves are crisp. Cut at soil level or pull entire plant. Store in cool conditions (32-40°F) for up to 2 weeks.

Companion Planting

Plan your garden →

Plant with:

Beets carrots chard onions herbs (basil, oregano, thyme)

Avoid planting near:

Fennel dill cabbage (heavy nitrogen competition)

Common Pests

  • Spray with insecticidal soap or neem oil; introduce ladybugs; strong water spray dislodges pests

  • and

    Hand-pick at dusk; use copper tape barriers; beer traps; encourage ground beetles

  • Use floating row covers; dust with food-grade diatomaceous earth; neem oil spray

  • Remove affected leaves; maintain good sanitation; spinosad spray if severe

Uses

🍳

Raw Salads & Crudités

Culinary

The tender leaves and striking red-and-white pattern make Rosso di Treviso visually stunning in raw salads. Its slightly bitter flavor pairs well with citrus vinaigrettes, olive oil, and creamy dressings. [source]

🍳

Grilled & Roasted Dishes

Culinary

When grilled or roasted, the leaves become tender and the bitterness mellows into a pleasant earthy flavor. Serves as an elegant side dish drizzled with balsamic reduction. [source]

🍳

Braised & Cooked Preparations

Culinary

Rosso di Treviso braises beautifully in butter, broth, or white wine, becoming silky in texture. Traditional Italian preparations feature it in risotto, pasta, and polenta dishes. [source]

💊

Digestive & Bitter Tonic

Medicinal

Chicory contains inulin and other compounds that support digestive health and promote beneficial gut bacteria. Historically used as a digestive aid and liver tonic in European herbalism. [source]

🏠

Table Decoration & Culinary Garnish

Household

The striking red-and-white variegation makes Rosso di Treviso an ornamental vegetable perfect for farmers markets, restaurant plating, and high-end culinary presentations. [source]

This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.

Harvest Tips

Harvest 75-100 days after sowing, ideally after a light frost to maximize red coloring and reduce bitterness. Cut heads at soil level in the morning when leaves are crisp. For continuous harvest, succession sow every 2-3 weeks from mid-summer through fall. In mild climates, can be left in ground and harvested through winter.

Fun Facts

  • 🌱 Rosso di Treviso is a Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) product in Italy when grown in the Veneto region; only heads grown there under specific conditions can legally bear the name.
  • 🌱 The red coloring (anthocyanins) develops primarily as a response to cool temperatures and light frost—growers in warm climates must time plantings carefully to catch the fall cool-down for proper coloring.
  • 🌱 This chicory variety is related to endive and radicchio and was perfected in the 1900s in Treviso, Italy, through careful selection of the most beautiful and tender specimens.

Gardening Terms

New to gardening? Learn about terms used in this guide:

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