How to Grow Plain Cress

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Plain Cress

Lepidium sativum

vegetable

Plain cress, also known as garden cress, is a fast-growing leafy green with a peppery, slightly spicy flavor. It is commonly used in salads, sandwiches, and as a garnish. The plant produces small, round leaves on thin stems and matures extremely quickly, often ready to harvest in just 1-2 weeks.

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Example Plain Cress timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)

  1. Plant Plain Cress

    Around Apr 17

    Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.

  2. Tend & protect

    Late spring–summer

    Watering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.

  3. Harvest Plain Cress

    Around Apr 24

    ≈ 7 days after planting

Sample dates for Pittsburgh, PA. Sign up to get exact Plain Cress dates for your own zip code.

Growing Conditions

☀️
Sun: Full sun to partial shade; 4-6 hours of light daily minimum, though 6-8 hours is ideal
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Water: Keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged; water frequently as cress grows rapidly and prefers humid conditions. Mist foliage regularly.
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Spacing: 2-3 inches apart (can be sown densely for microgreens at 1 inch) inches
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Days to maturity: 7-14 days for microgreens; 14-21 days for mature plants
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Planting depth: Surface sow or press lightly into soil; seeds need light to germinate

Soil

Type: Well-draining loamy soil or potting mix
pH: 6.0-7.0
Amendments:
Compost Peat moss or coco coir Balanced organic fertilizer

Growing Zones

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Thrives in zones 2-9; grows year-round in most climates with proper timing

2a 2b 3a 3b 4a 4b 5a 5b 6a 6b 7a 7b 8a 8b 9a 9b

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Growth Stages

1

Germination

2-3 days

Tiny seeds sprout and develop cotyledons (seed leaves) visible within 2-3 days

Keep soil moist and warm (60-70°F). Ensure good light exposure immediately upon sprouting.

2

Seedling

3-5 days

Small green seedlings with 2-4 true leaves, very delicate appearance

Maintain consistent moisture and provide adequate light to prevent leggy growth. Thin seedlings if necessary.

3

Vegetative Growth

5-10 days

Rapid development of compound leaves on thin stems; plant becomes bushier

Continue regular watering and ensure good air circulation. Can begin harvesting outer leaves at this stage for microgreens.

4

Mature Foliage

Ongoing after 10-14 days

Full, feathery foliage with vibrant green color and peppery aroma; plant reaches 6-12 inches tall

Begin harvesting by pinching or cutting outer leaves. This encourages more growth.

5

Bolting (Optional)

2-3 weeks after mature stage

Plant sends up flower stalks with small white or pinkish flowers if left unharvested

In warm weather, bolting occurs quickly and signals declining leaf quality. Harvest before bolting or allow to set seed.

Companion Planting

Plan your garden →

Plant with:

Avoid planting near:

Fennel Heavy feeders competing for nutrients

Common Pests

  • Spray with neem oil or insecticidal soap; encourage beneficial insects like ladybugs

  • Use floating row covers; apply diatomaceous earth or neem oil if infested

  • Pick off by hand; use Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) if severe

  • Use yellow sticky traps; spray with insecticidal soap or neem oil

Uses

🍳

Fresh Salads and Garnish

Culinary

Plain cress adds a peppery, spicy crunch to salads, sandwiches, soups, and as a garnish for appetizers and main dishes. The tender leaves are delicate and best eaten raw or added at the end of cooking. [source]

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Microgreens Production

Culinary

Cress is one of the easiest and fastest crops for home microgreen production, requiring no soil and ready to harvest in just 7-10 days. It's perfect for those beginning sprouting and microgreens cultivation. [source]

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Nutritional Boost

Medicinal

Plain cress is rich in vitamin C, vitamin K, and antioxidants, and has traditionally been used to support immune health and digestion. The glucosinolates in cress may have anti-inflammatory properties. [source]

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Easy Indoor Growing

Household

Cress is ideal for windowsill gardening, indoor trays, or hydroponics systems, making it perfect for urban gardeners or year-round production in any climate. [source]

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Asian and European Cuisine

Culinary

Used in various cuisines as a condiment and garnish; particularly popular in European dishes and increasingly featured in Asian-fusion cooking for its distinctive peppery bite. [source]

This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.

Harvest Tips

Harvest as microgreens 7-10 days after sowing by cutting just above soil level. For mature plants, begin pinching or cutting outer leaves once plant has 4-6 true leaves (around day 10-14), and continue harvesting to encourage bushier growth. Best flavor and texture before bolting occurs. Can be harvested multiple times from the same plant over 2-3 weeks.

Fun Facts

  • 🌱 Plain cress is one of the fastest-growing edible plants, sometimes called the 'express garden' vegetable because it goes from seed to harvest in as little as 7 days.
  • 🌱 It has been cultivated since ancient times in the Middle East and Mediterranean region, and was historically used by Persian and Egyptian civilizations.
  • 🌱 Cress seeds have the unique ability to germinate in the dark and were among the first plants grown in space experiments, making them a symbol of human agricultural innovation.

Gardening Terms

New to gardening? Learn about terms used in this guide:

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