How to Grow Oklahoma Red Onion

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Oklahoma Red Onion

Allium cepa 'Oklahoma Red'

vegetable

Oklahoma Red is a red onion variety known for its deep burgundy-red skin and mild, sweet flavor. It's a long-day variety that produces medium to large bulbs and stores exceptionally well. This heirloom cultivar is popular for fresh eating, grilling, and storage due to its excellent keeping qualities.

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Example Oklahoma Red Onion timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)

  1. Plant Oklahoma Red Onion

    Around Apr 17

    Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.

  2. Tend & protect

    Late spring–summer

    Watering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.

  3. Harvest Oklahoma Red Onion

    Around Jul 26

    ≈ 100 days after planting

Sample dates for Pittsburgh, PA. Sign up to get exact Oklahoma Red Onion dates for your own zip code.

Growing Conditions

☀️
Sun: Full sun, 6-8 hours daily minimum
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Water: Consistent moisture during growing season; approximately 1-1.5 inches per week. Reduce watering as bulbs mature and tops begin to yellow.
📏
Spacing: 4 inches
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Days to maturity: 100-120 days from transplant; 150-160 days from seed
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Planting depth: 0.5 inches for sets; plant seed at 0.25 inches deep

Soil

Type: Well-draining loamy soil with good organic matter
pH: 6.0-7.0
Amendments:
Compost or aged manure Balanced fertilizer (10-10-10) Sulfur if pH is too high

Growing Zones

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Best in zones 4-8; grows well in cooler to moderate climates

3a 3b 4a 4b 5a 5b 6a 6b 7a 7b 8a 8b 9a

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Growth Stages

1

Seedling

2-3 weeks

Thin green shoots emerge from seed or sets; small white roots develop

Keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Thin seedlings to proper spacing. Provide plenty of light. Apply light fertilizer when true leaves appear.

2

Vegetative Growth

6-8 weeks

Long green leaves develop above ground; bulb formation begins underground as day length increases

Maintain consistent watering and nutrient supply. Keep free from weeds. Monitor for pests. Mulch lightly to conserve moisture and suppress weeds.

3

Bulb Development

4-6 weeks

Underground bulb swells as the plant responds to long day length; layered red scales form

Continue regular watering. Reduce nitrogen fertilizer to encourage bulb development. Keep beds weed-free. Do not hill soil over developing bulbs.

4

Maturation

2-3 weeks

Tops yellow and begin to topple over; bulb reaches full size with papery red skin

Reduce watering significantly. Stop fertilizing. Allow tops to dry and cure in place if weather permits. Harvest when 50-75% of tops have fallen over.

5

Harvest & Storage

Harvest occurs once; storage can last 4-6 months

Bulbs are pulled, cured, and stored with dry papery outer layers

Cure in a warm, dry, well-ventilated location for 2-3 weeks. Store in cool, dry conditions with good air circulation. Check periodically for sprouting or decay.

Companion Planting

Plan your garden →

Plant with:

Avoid planting near:

Beans Peas Asparagus Sage

Common Pests

  • Use row covers on young plants. Apply neem oil or spinosad. Remove infested bulbs immediately. Practice crop rotation.

  • Spray with insecticidal soap or neem oil. Increase humidity with overhead watering. Remove heavily infested plants.

  • Use fine mesh row covers. Apply pyrethrin-based insecticides. Remove plant debris promptly. Rotate crops.

  • Improve air circulation. Avoid overhead watering. Apply copper fungicide if needed. Remove affected foliage.

Uses

🍳

Fresh eating and grilling

Culinary

Oklahoma Red onions have a mild, slightly sweet flavor perfect for eating raw in salads, salsas, and sandwiches, or grilled whole and caramelized. Their relatively low sulfur content makes them less pungent than white onions. [source]

🍳

Long-term storage

Culinary

This variety is prized for its exceptional storage qualities, keeping 4-6 months in cool, dry conditions. Its dry, papery skin and dense flesh protect it from spoilage. [source]

🏠

Natural dye

Household

The red-purple outer layers of Oklahoma Red onions can be used to create natural dyes for fabrics and crafts, producing shades of red and rust depending on mordant used. [source]

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Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties

Medicinal

Red onions contain quercetin and anthocyanins, compounds with potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits when consumed regularly. [source]

🦋

Pollinator support during flowering

Wildlife

If allowed to bolt and flower, onion plants produce globe-shaped flower heads that attract bees and beneficial insects during bloom. [source]

This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.

Harvest Tips

Harvest when 50-75% of the tops have fallen over and begun to dry, typically mid to late summer. Gently pull bulbs and lay them in a single layer in a warm, dry, well-ventilated area to cure for 2-3 weeks. The papery outer skin should be dry and intact. Store in cool (50-55°F), dry conditions with good air circulation; Oklahoma Reds can keep 4-6 months.

Fun Facts

  • 🌱 Oklahoma Red is an heirloom variety developed in Oklahoma during the early 1900s and remains a preferred long-day onion for northern growing regions due to its reliable bulbing and exceptional storage potential.
  • 🌱 The deep red color of Oklahoma Red onions comes from anthocyanin pigments (the same compounds found in blueberries), which increase in concentration as the bulb matures.
  • 🌱 A single Oklahoma Red onion plant can produce a bulb weighing 8-12 ounces under ideal growing conditions, making it one of the larger red onion varieties available.

Gardening Terms

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