How to Grow Oblonga Olive

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Oblonga Olive

Olea europaea 'Oblonga'

tree

Oblonga is a classic Italian olive cultivar prized for both oil production and table olive use. This Mediterranean tree produces elongated, medium-sized fruits with a high oil content and excellent flavor complexity. It is a vigorous, productive variety that thrives in warm climates and has been cultivated for centuries.

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Example Oblonga Olive timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)

  1. Plant Oblonga Olive

    Around Apr 17

    Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.

  2. Tend & protect

    Late spring–summer

    Watering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.

  3. Harvest Oblonga Olive

    Late summer into fall

    Before the first fall frost (≈ Nov 8)

Sample dates for Pittsburgh, PA. Sign up to get exact Oblonga Olive dates for your own zip code.

Growing Conditions

☀️
Sun: Full sun, 8+ hours daily (minimum 6 hours); more sun produces better flavor and higher yields
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Water: Moderate watering; drought-tolerant once established. Water deeply but infrequently. Requires minimal irrigation in Mediterranean climates. Avoid waterlogged soil; excellent drainage is essential to prevent root rot.
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Spacing: 240 inches
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Days to maturity: 1440
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Planting depth: Plant at same depth as root ball; top of soil ball level with ground

Soil

Type: Well-draining sandy or gravelly loam
pH: 6.0-8.0
Amendments:
Compost or aged manure for organic matter Perlite or coarse sand for drainage improvement Limestone if soil pH is below 6.0

Growing Zones

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Thrives in zones 8b-11, with best performance in zones 9-10

8b 9a 9b 10a 10b 11a 11b

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Growth Stages

1

Establishment

2-3 years

Young sapling with developing root system and primary scaffold branches forming

Water regularly during first 2-3 years. Stake for support. Prune to establish open vase or multi-leader form. Protect from harsh winds and extreme temperatures.

2

Vegetative Growth

3-5 years

Tree develops thick canopy with leathery, silvery-green leaves; height and spread increase

Continue structural pruning. Apply balanced fertilizer (moderate nitrogen). Maintain consistent watering during dry periods. Remove crossing or diseased branches.

3

Flowering

4-6 weeks

Small, creamy-white flowers appear in late spring (May-June in Northern Hemisphere) clustered on current-season wood

Avoid excess nitrogen, which delays flowering. Ensure adequate water and sunlight. Pollination is wind-assisted; plant multiple cultivars nearby for better fruit set, though Oblonga has decent self-fertility.

4

Fruit Development

3-4 months (June-September)

Elongated, oblong fruits develop over summer, transitioning from green to reddish-purple to black at full maturity

Reduce nitrogen fertilizer. Maintain consistent watering to prevent fruit drop. Thin fruit if necessary for larger individual olives. Watch for pest pressures.

5

Harvest & Dormancy

2-3 months (September-November)

Mature fruits ready for harvest; tree enters winter rest period with slowed growth

Harvest based on intended use (green for table olives, fully ripe/black for oil). Minimal pruning after harvest. Reduce watering in winter. Light feeding in late winter before spring growth resumes.

Companion Planting

Plan your garden →

Plant with:

Avoid planting near:

Walnut (produces juglone toxin) Eucalyptus (allelopathic competition) Plants requiring frequent watering and acidic soil

Common Pests

  • Monitor with yellow sticky traps; apply organic spinosad or neem oil if populations exceed threshold; harvest promptly to reduce breeding habitat

  • Spray with horticultural oil in winter; prune heavily infested branches; encourage natural predators

  • Remove with pruning; apply neem oil or insecticidal soap; introduce natural enemies like parasitic wasps

  • Remove infected leaves; improve air circulation through pruning; apply copper fungicide if necessary in humid climates

  • Prune out infected branches; sterilize tools between cuts; improve drainage and avoid overhead watering

Uses

🍳

Premium Extra Virgin Olive Oil

Culinary

Oblonga olives are highly prized for oil production, yielding robust, complex oils with peppery and fruity notes. The high oil content and ideal chemistry make it a premium choice for culinary applications and finishing oils. [source]

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Table Olives & Curing

Culinary

The elongated fruits are also excellent as table olives when cured using traditional methods (brined or Greek-style cured). They have firm texture and rich flavor suitable for antipasti and Mediterranean cuisine. [source]

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Polyphenol Antioxidants

Medicinal

Olives and olive oil are rich in polyphenols and other antioxidants associated with cardiovascular health and anti-inflammatory benefits. Early harvest oils are particularly concentrated in these compounds. [source]

🏠

Cosmetic & Skincare

Household

High-quality olive oil from Oblonga olives is used in soaps, lotions, and skincare products for its emollient and antioxidant properties. Traditional Mediterranean beauty preparations rely on quality olive oil. [source]

🦋

Wildlife Food Source

Wildlife

Mature olive trees provide food for birds and pollinators. Fallen fruit supports wildlife; the flowers attract bees and beneficial insects important for pollination and ecosystem balance. [source]

This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.

Harvest Tips

Harvest timing depends on use: green olives picked in September-October (firm, color-break stage); ripe/black olives for oil picked in November-December when fully dark. Clip or gently shake branches to gather fruit. Harvest ripe olives promptly as they soften quickly and attract pests. Yields typically 50-150 lbs per mature tree depending on climate and care.

Fun Facts

  • 🌱 Oblonga olives have been cultivated in Italy and the Mediterranean for over 2,000 years, with historical records suggesting this cultivar was favored by Roman growers.
  • 🌱 Olive trees are exceptionally long-lived; mature Oblonga trees can produce fruit for 300+ years, with some ancient specimens in Mediterranean regions estimated to be 1,000+ years old.
  • 🌱 The name 'Oblonga' refers to the distinctive elongated, oblong shape of the fruit, which is longer and narrower than round olive varieties, making it easily recognizable in orchards.

Gardening Terms

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