How to Grow Native Wildflowers (Coreopsis & Black-eyed Susan)

Wikimedia Commons

Native Wildflowers (Coreopsis & Black-eyed Susan)

Coreopsis spp. & Rudbeckia hirta

flower

Native wildflowers like coreopsis (tickseed) and black-eyed Susan are hardy, drought-tolerant perennials and annuals prized for their vibrant yellow, red, and orange blooms that attract pollinators. These low-maintenance flowers bloom prolifically from early summer through fall, creating naturalized gardens that support bee populations, butterflies, and other beneficial insects. Both species are essential components of pollinator habitat restoration and native plant gardens.

When should you plant Native Wildflowers (Coreopsis & Black-eyed Susan) in your zone?

Get a personalized planting timeline — when to start seeds, transplant, and harvest — based on your USDA zone and local frost dates. Free to start.

Get my Native Wildflowers (Coreopsis & Black-eyed Susan) timeline →

Example Native Wildflowers (Coreopsis & Black-eyed Susan) timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)

  1. Plant Native Wildflowers (Coreopsis & Black-eyed Susan)

    Around Apr 17

    Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.

  2. Tend & protect

    Late spring–summer

    Watering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.

  3. First Native Wildflowers (Coreopsis & Black-eyed Susan) blooms

    Mid-to-late summer

    Before the first fall frost (≈ Nov 8)

Sample dates for Pittsburgh, PA. Sign up to get exact Native Wildflowers (Coreopsis & Black-eyed Susan) dates for your own zip code.

Growing Conditions

☀️
Sun: Full sun, 6-8 hours daily (minimum 6 hours; more sun increases blooms and pollinator activity)
💧
Water: Drought-tolerant once established; water regularly during first 4-6 weeks after planting. Mature plants need minimal water except during extended dry periods. Overwatering reduces vigor and attracts pests.
📏
Spacing: 12-18 inches apart (allows mature spread and air circulation for pollinator access) inches
📅
Days to maturity: 60-90 days from seed to first bloom; perennials establish fully in year 2
🌱
Planting depth: Surface sow or press seeds lightly into soil (0.125 inch); seeds need light to germinate

Soil

Type: Well-draining sandy loam to loamy soil; tolerates poor, dry soils
pH: 6.0-7.5
Amendments:
Compost for new plantings Perlite or sand if soil is heavy clay Avoid excessive fertilizer or organic matter

Growing Zones

Find your zone →

Coreopsis and black-eyed Susan thrive across most of the continental US (zones 3-9), with excellent performance in zones 5-8

3a 3b 4a 4b 5a 5b 6a 6b 7a 7b 8a 8b 9a 9b

Sign up free to see if Native Wildflowers (Coreopsis & Black-eyed Susan) grows in your zone — and get a personalized planting timeline.

Get my Native Wildflowers (Coreopsis & Black-eyed Susan) timeline →

Growth Stages

1

Seed Germination & Seedling

2-4 weeks

Tiny seedlings emerge 7-14 days after planting in warm conditions (65-70°F). First true leaves appear within 2-3 weeks.

Keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged during germination. Provide bright light immediately. Thin seedlings to proper spacing once 2-3 inches tall.

2

Vegetative Growth

4-8 weeks

Plants develop deep root systems and bushy foliage with lance-shaped leaves. Growth accelerates in warm weather; plants double in size monthly during peak season.

Water during dry spells. Reduce watering to encourage deep rooting. Pinch back tall varieties at 6 inches to promote branching and fuller plants. No fertilizer needed for native soil.

3

Flowering & Bloom

8-12 weeks (June-October in most zones)

Profuse daisy-like flowers appear on tall, wiry stems. Coreopsis: yellow, pink, or red blooms; Black-eyed Susan: yellow petals with dark brown-purple center disk. New flowers open continuously.

Deadhead spent flowers weekly to extend blooming season and encourage more blooms. Leave some flowers to set seed for self-seeding and late-season pollinator food. Water during extreme heat.

4

Seed Production & Senescence

Variable; overwinters in most zones

If left undeadheaded, flowers develop seed heads (cone-shaped for Rudbeckia, small dry fruits for Coreopsis). Foliage may fade or persist depending on variety and climate.

Leave seed heads standing through fall and winter for seed dispersal and pollinator/bird food source. Cut back perennial varieties in late winter (late Feb-March) before new growth. Annual varieties die after frost.

5

Winter Dormancy (Perennial Types)

3-4 months (November-March)

Perennial coreopsis and some Rudbeckia varieties go dormant or semi-dormant in cold months. Plants remain alive at the root crown.

No watering needed; winter moisture is usually sufficient. Do not apply heavy mulch (1-2 inches only if zone is below 4). Allow dead foliage to persist for insect overwintering habitat. Cut back in early spring.

Companion Planting

Plan your garden →

Plant with:

Avoid planting near:

Aggressive spreaders like bindweed or morning glory Dense shade-loving shrubs that block sunlight Wet-loving plants (these prefer dry conditions) Hybrid tea roses (different cultural needs and pest issues)

Common Pests

  • Spray with water to dislodge; use neem oil if severe. Provide good air circulation. Avoid overwatering which can stress plants.

  • Ensure 6+ hours sun and good air flow. Remove affected foliage. Apply sulfur or baking soda spray if needed. Avoid overhead watering.

  • Remove infected leaves. Improve drainage and air circulation. Water at soil level only, not foliage. Mulch lightly to reduce soil splash.

  • and

    Copper barriers, hand-pick, or beer traps. These are minor pests on established plants. Drought-tolerant conditions discourage them.

  • No cure; remove and destroy infected plants. Control leafhoppers with reflective mulch or insecticidal soap. Plant resistant species (coreopsis is resistant; some Rudbeckia are susceptible).

Uses

🦋

Pollinator Habitat & Food Source

Wildlife

Coreopsis and black-eyed Susan are native plants that provide nectar and pollen for native bees, butterflies, and hoverflies throughout the summer and fall. Their open flower structure allows easy access for diverse pollinator species, making them keystone plants in ecological restoration. [source]

🏠

Cut Flower & Floral Arrangements

Household

Both flowers are excellent as cut flowers with excellent vase life (7-10 days). The long stems and continuous blooming make them ideal for bouquets, naturalistic arrangements, and meadow-style displays. [source]

🍳

Edible Petals

Culinary

Coreopsis and black-eyed Susan petals are edible (though not highly flavored) and can garnish salads or desserts for visual appeal. Ensure flowers are grown without pesticides if intended for consumption. [source]

💊

Traditional Herbal Use

Medicinal

Historically, some Rudbeckia species were used by Native Americans and early herbalists for immune support and wound healing. Modern research supports antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory compounds in Echinacea (related genus), though coreopsis and black-eyed Susan have less documented use. [source]

🦋

Seed Source for Birds & Insects

Wildlife

Leaving seed heads standing through winter provides essential high-fat food for goldfinches, chickadees, and other seed-eating birds. Seed heads also shelter overwintering beneficial insects like parasitic wasps and lacewings. [source]

This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.

Harvest Tips

Cut flowers: Harvest in early morning when stems are turgid, with at least 2-3 inches of stem. They last 7-10 days in a vase. For seed collection: Allow flowers to fully dry on the plant (August-October), then cut seed heads and store in paper bags in a cool, dry place. Seeds are viable for 2-3 years. Let some flowers self-seed directly in the garden for natural regeneration.

Fun Facts

  • 🌱 Black-eyed Susan (Rudbeckia hirta) is the state flower of Maryland and the official flower of the University of Maryland. Its dark central disk resembles an eye, inspiring its common name.
  • 🌱 Coreopsis is sometimes called 'tickseed' because its seeds resemble ticks, but it is not a pest plant—native peoples valued it as a food source and for dye production.
  • 🌱 A single black-eyed Susan plant can produce thousands of seeds from one season, enabling dramatic natural spread and self-seeding in favorable conditions. This aggressive reproductive strategy is why they're excellent for pollinator habitat—they create abundant food sources year after year.

Gardening Terms

New to gardening? Learn about terms used in this guide:

Join 30,000 gardeners planning their gardens with LizPlants.

Get your personalized Native Wildflowers (Coreopsis & Black-eyed Susan) planting timeline

Tell us your zip code and we'll calculate exactly when to start Native Wildflowers (Coreopsis & Black-eyed Susan) seeds, transplant seedlings, and harvest — based on your USDA zone and local frost dates. Includes calendar reminders and printable task lists. Free to start.

Get my Native Wildflowers (Coreopsis & Black-eyed Susan) timeline →