How to Grow Native Groundcovers
Wikimedia Commons
Native Groundcovers
Various species (region-dependent)
groundcoverNative groundcovers are low-growing plants naturally occurring in a specific region that spread across the soil surface, replacing lawn grass while supporting local ecosystems. These plants are adapted to local climate, soil, and wildlife, requiring minimal maintenance once established. They provide erosion control, habitat for pollinators and beneficial insects, and reduce the need for mowing and chemical inputs.
When should you plant Native Groundcovers in your zone?
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Example Native Groundcovers timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)
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Plant Native Groundcovers
Around Apr 17Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.
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Tend & protect
Late spring–summerWatering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.
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Harvest Native Groundcovers
Late summer into fallBefore the first fall frost (≈ Nov 8)
Sample dates for Pittsburgh, PA. Sign up to get exact Native Groundcovers dates for your own zip code.
Growing Conditions
Soil
Growing Zones
Find your zone →Varies by species; select groundcovers native to your specific region for optimal results
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Get my Native Groundcovers timeline →Growth Stages
Establishment
3-6 monthsYoung plants develop root systems and initial shoots, appearing sparse with small foliage
Water consistently to keep soil moist but not waterlogged. Weed competition is critical during this phase. Apply 2-3 inches of mulch to suppress weeds and retain moisture. Avoid foot traffic.
Spread/Vegetative Growth
6-18 monthsPlants expand horizontally, runners or rhizomes spread, foliage becomes denser and more vigorous
Reduce watering as drought tolerance increases. Remove weeds that emerge through young plants. Monitor for initial pest or disease issues. Allow natural spreading without aggressive pruning.
Maturation
Ongoing after year 1-2Full canopy coverage achieved; plants form dense mat or spreading colony with characteristic form
Minimal maintenance required. Deadhead spent flowers if desired for appearance. Cut back in late fall or early spring to remove dead material and rejuvenate growth.
Flowering (species-dependent)
2-8 weeks (season-dependent)Many native groundcovers produce small flowers attractive to pollinators; timing varies by species (spring, summer, or fall)
Do not deadhead if wildlife benefit is desired; seeds feed birds and insects. Allow spent flowers to remain for ecological value.
Senescence/Dormancy
3-6 months (cold climates)In cold climates, groundcovers may brown or die back in fall/winter; evergreen varieties retain foliage year-round
Leave dead material for winter insulation and wildlife shelter. Cut back in early spring before new growth. In mild climates, evergreen types provide year-round cover.
Companion Planting
Plan your garden →Plant with:
Avoid planting near:
Common Pests
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and
Encourage ground beetles and toads; remove debris that provides shelter; use beer traps or copper barriers if population is severe
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Maintain clear areas around plants; encourage raptors and native predators; avoid heavy mulch directly against plant crowns
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Increase humidity through early morning watering; spray forcefully with water to dislodge mites; encourage beneficial mite predators
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Ensure good air circulation; avoid overhead watering; remove affected leaves; native plants are generally more resistant than ornamentals
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Improve soil drainage; amend with compost or sand; allow soil to dry between waterings; plant on slopes or mounds if necessary
Uses
Pollinator & Beneficial Insect Support
EcologicalNative groundcovers provide nectar, pollen, and shelter for native bees, butterflies, beetles, and other beneficial insects that support ecosystem function and food production. Many species flower in succession, providing resources throughout growing season. [source]
Lawn Replacement & Erosion Control
HouseholdEliminates need for mowing, fertilizers, and herbicides while stabilizing soil and reducing stormwater runoff. Deep root systems of many native species outcompete weeds and prevent erosion on slopes. [source]
Wildlife Habitat & Food Source
WildlifeProvides shelter, nesting material, and food for birds, small mammals, and beneficial invertebrates. Seeds, berries, and insects supported by groundcovers sustain wildlife populations year-round. [source]
Water Conservation & Reduced Chemical Input
EnvironmentalOnce established, native groundcovers require minimal to no irrigation, fertilizer, or pesticide applications, reducing water consumption and environmental contamination. Regional adaptation means plants thrive in natural rainfall patterns. [source]
Traditional Herbal & Cultural Uses
MedicinalMany native groundcovers (e.g., Wild Ginger, native Mint species) have traditional medicinal and culinary applications in regional Indigenous and folk practices, supporting cultural continuity. [source]
This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.
Harvest Tips
Native groundcovers are not typically harvested; instead, allow them to establish and spread naturally. For propagation: collect seeds from spent flowers in fall; take cuttings or divisions of spreading species in spring or early fall when soil moisture is adequate. Divide established plants every 3-5 years to rejuvenate patches.
Fun Facts
- 🌱 Native groundcovers can reduce summer soil temperatures by 10-20°F compared to bare ground or lawn, moderating local microclimate and reducing cooling costs.
- 🌱 A single native groundcover planting can support 100+ species of insects, spiders, and arthropods—far more than monoculture lawn grass—creating a functioning ecosystem in your yard.
- 🌱 Many native groundcovers were used by Indigenous peoples for food, medicine, and materials; replanting them honors historical land use and restores cultural plant communities.
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