How to Grow Natal Plum
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Natal Plum
Carissa macrocarpa
shrubNatal plum is a tropical to subtropical evergreen shrub native to South Africa, prized for its fragrant white flowers and deep red, plum-like edible fruits. The plant features glossy dark green foliage and sharp spines along its stems, making it excellent for hedging or ornamental purposes. It thrives in warm climates and produces fruit prolifically in optimal conditions.
When should you plant Natal Plum in your zone?
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Example Natal Plum timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)
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Plant Natal Plum
Around Apr 17Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.
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Tend & protect
Late spring–summerWatering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.
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Harvest Natal Plum
Around Oct 14≈ 180 days after planting
Sample dates for Pittsburgh, PA. Sign up to get exact Natal Plum dates for your own zip code.
Growing Conditions
Soil
Growing Zones
Find your zone →Thrives in zones 9b-11; can survive brief freezes to 25°F (-4°C) but prefers warmer climates
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Get my Natal Plum timeline →Growth Stages
Establishment
2-3 monthsYoung plant with sparse foliage and underdeveloped root system; gradual shoot elongation
Water regularly to establish deep roots; protect from harsh sun and wind; avoid fertilizing heavily for first 2-3 months
Vegetative Growth
3-6 monthsRapid stem and leaf development; plant becomes fuller and more compact with dark green glossy leaves
Prune to shape; fertilize monthly with balanced fertilizer; ensure good drainage to prevent root rot
Flowering
Spring through fall (longer in tropical zones)Appearance of fragrant 5-petaled white flowers with pink or red centers, clustered along branch tips
Maintain consistent moisture during flowering; avoid excessive nitrogen which reduces flowers; light pruning only
Fruit Development
2-3 monthsFlowers fade as small green fruits appear and gradually enlarge, darkening to deep crimson-red
Thin fruit if overcrowded for larger individual fruits; maintain steady watering; avoid stressing plant
Harvest Maturity
Variable; continuous in warm climatesFruits reach full size with deep red color and soft, plum-like texture; sweet, slightly tart flavor
Monitor for ripeness; harvest carefully to avoid spines; allow some fruit to remain for wildlife; maintain plant vigor for next cycle
Companion Planting
Plan your garden →Plant with:
Avoid planting near:
Common Pests
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Spray with water to dislodge; use neem oil or insecticidal soap if severe; maintain humidity
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Remove with rubbing alcohol on cotton swabs; spray with neem oil; improve air circulation
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Scrape off manually; apply horticultural oil in dormant season; introduce natural predators
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Remove fallen fruit promptly; maintain plant health; use fruit fly traps if needed
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Yellow sticky traps; spray with neem oil; encourage beneficial insects
Uses
Fresh eating and preserves
CulinaryNatal plum fruits are sweet and slightly tart, eaten fresh or made into jams, jellies, and fruit sauces. The edible fruit is rich in vitamin C and antioxidants, making it valued in South African and Indian cuisines. [source]
Traditional medicine
MedicinalIn traditional South African and Asian medicine, various parts of the plant have been used to treat wounds, digestive issues, and fever. The fruit and leaves contain bioactive compounds studied for antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. [source]
Hedging and security fencing
HouseholdThe plant's dense growth habit and sharp spines make it ideal for ornamental hedges, security barriers, and boundary plantings. It maintains its form with minimal pruning and provides year-round privacy. [source]
Beverages and juice
CraftNatal plum juice is prized in tropical regions as a refreshing beverage with a unique flavor profile. It can be fermented into wine or combined with other fruits and spices for drinks. [source]
Ornamental landscaping
WildlifeThe fragrant white flowers attract pollinators, while the fruits provide food for birds and local wildlife. The evergreen foliage offers year-round shelter, making it valuable for wildlife habitat gardens. [source]
This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.
Harvest Tips
Pick fruit when fully red and slightly soft to the touch, typically from late spring through fall. Fruit ripens over several weeks; harvest regularly to encourage continued production. Use pruning shears or carefully hand-pick to avoid spine injuries. Fruit can be eaten fresh, cooked into jams, or used for beverages. Ripe fruit stores 1-2 weeks refrigerated.
Fun Facts
- 🌱 Natal plum flowers are intensely fragrant, especially in the evening, and are sometimes used in perfumery and as ornamental cut flowers.
- 🌱 The plant is exceptionally salt-tolerant and drought-resistant once established, making it ideal for coastal and arid landscapes.
- 🌱 In South Africa, where it's native, the fruit is called 'amatungulu' and has been used for centuries in traditional food and medicine.
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