How to Grow Monk's Beard

Monk's Beard

Crambe maritima

vegetable

Monk's beard, also known as sea kale, is a perennial coastal vegetable with thick, fleshy stems and blue-green foliage that produces tender, asparagus-like shoots. The plant is prized for its delicate, slightly sweet flavor and has been cultivated in Europe for centuries. It can produce harvests for 8-10 years from a single planting.

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Example Monk's Beard timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)

  1. Plant Monk's Beard

    Around Apr 17

    Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.

  2. Tend & protect

    Late spring–summer

    Watering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.

  3. Harvest Monk's Beard

    Late summer into fall

    Before the first fall frost (≈ Nov 8)

Sample dates for Pittsburgh, PA. Sign up to get exact Monk's Beard dates for your own zip code.

Growing Conditions

☀️
Sun: Full sun, 6+ hours daily for best production
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Water: Moderate watering; keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Tolerates drought once established. More water needed during shoot emergence in spring.
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Spacing: 24 inches
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Days to maturity: 1-2 years before first harvest (perennial)
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Planting depth: 1/4 to 1/2 inch for seeds; plant crowns at soil surface

Soil

Type: Well-draining sandy or loamy soil with good drainage; tolerates poor soils
pH: 6.0-7.5
Amendments:
Aged compost Perlite or coarse sand for drainage Seaweed meal (reflects its coastal origin)

Growing Zones

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Thrives in zones 4-8, with best performance in zones 5-7

3b 4a 4b 5a 5b 6a 6b 7a 7b 8a

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Growth Stages

1

Seedling/Establishment

3-6 months

Small rosette of blue-green leaves develops during first year; plant focuses on root development

Keep soil moist but not waterlogged; protect from harsh winds; apply mulch to retain moisture and regulate soil temperature

2

Vegetative Growth

6-12 months

Plant develops larger, deeply lobed blue-green foliage; thick tuberous roots strengthen underground

Allow first year plants to establish without harvesting; maintain consistent moisture; remove any flower stems that appear in year one

3

Dormancy

4-5 months (November-March)

Above-ground foliage dies back in late fall/winter; plant enters dormancy with roots remaining alive underground

Apply 2-3 inches of compost or mulch as frost protection; no watering needed during dormancy

4

Shoot Emergence

3-4 weeks

Pale, tender shoots emerge from crown in early spring, resembling asparagus spears

Begin light watering as shoots emerge; protect from late frost with floating row covers if necessary; shoots appear earlier and faster with blanching (covering with a pot)

5

Harvesting

2-3 weeks of active harvesting

Tender shoots reach 6-8 inches tall, still pale and crisp; shoots begin to open leaves at the tip

Harvest by cutting shoots at soil level with a sharp knife; harvest regularly to encourage more shoots; stop harvesting by late spring to allow plant to photosynthesize for next year

Companion Planting

Plan your garden →

Plant with:

Avoid planting near:

Fennel Dill Carrots (for crop rotation purposes)

Common Pests

  • Use row covers on young plants; spray with neem oil or insecticidal soap; dust with diatomaceous earth

  • Install fine mesh netting; hand-pick larvae; spray with Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)

  • and

    Remove debris and mulch where they hide; use beer traps; hand-pick; apply copper tape around plant

  • Ensure good air circulation; spray with sulfur or baking soda solution; remove affected leaves

Uses

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Tender Spring Shoots

Culinary

The blanched shoots are delicate and slightly sweet, best enjoyed lightly steamed, sautéed, or raw in salads. Their flavor is often compared to a cross between asparagus and broccoli with a subtle sweet, mineral note. [source]

🍳

Foliage for Cooking

Culinary

Young leaves can be cooked like kale or cabbage. Mature leaves are quite tough and bitter, but the emerging tender growth can be harvested and used in early spring cuisine. [source]

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Traditional Health Uses

Medicinal

Historically used in European folk medicine as a digestive aid and general tonic. Contains glucosinolates, compounds found in brassicas with potential anti-cancer properties. [source]

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Long-Lived Perennial Crop

Household

Once established, monk's beard provides harvests for nearly a decade with minimal maintenance, making it an efficient permaculture crop requiring less replanting than annual vegetables. [source]

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Pollinator Support

Wildlife

If left unharvested, monk's beard produces attractive white flowers in late spring that attract bees and other pollinators, supporting garden biodiversity. [source]

This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.

Harvest Tips

Begin harvesting in the second spring (year 2) when shoots are 6-8 inches tall and still tender. Cut shoots at soil level with a sharp knife. Harvest for 3-4 weeks in spring, then stop to allow the plant to build energy reserves. Blanching (covering the crown with a pot or forcing jar in early spring) produces whiter, more tender shoots prized by chefs. A mature plant can produce 1-2 pounds of shoots per season. Plants remain productive for 8-10 years.

Fun Facts

  • 🌱 Monk's beard has been cultivated since at least the 1700s and was a favorite of Victorian gardeners who prized it as a delicacy; it nearly disappeared from cultivation but has seen a revival among specialty growers and high-end chefs.
  • 🌱 The plant earned the nickname 'monk's beard' because monks at coastal monasteries historically grew it, and its tender spring shoots resembled a beard; it's also called 'sea kale' because it naturally occurs on rocky coasts of northern Europe.
  • 🌱 Blanching monk's beard shoots (covering them with a pot or forcing jar) is an ancient technique that prevents chlorophyll development, keeping the shoots pale, tender, and sweeter—a method also used for white asparagus and Belgian endive.

Gardening Terms

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