How to Grow Medlar Nottingham

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Medlar Nottingham

Mespilus germanica 'Nottingham'

tree

Medlar Nottingham is a cultivar of the common medlar, a small deciduous tree producing distinctive brown, apple-like fruits with a large open calyx. The fruit is inedible until 'bletted' (softened through frost or storage), after which it becomes a delicacy for jams and pastes. This historic English variety is prized for ornamental value, architectural form, and unique culinary potential.

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Example Medlar Nottingham timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)

  1. Plant Medlar Nottingham

    Around Apr 17

    Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.

  2. Tend & protect

    Late spring–summer

    Watering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.

  3. Harvest Medlar Nottingham

    Late summer into fall

    Before the first fall frost (≈ Nov 8)

Sample dates for Pittsburgh, PA. Sign up to get exact Medlar Nottingham dates for your own zip code.

Growing Conditions

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Sun: Full sun, minimum 6 hours daily; tolerates partial shade but fruits more prolifically in full sun
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Water: Moderate watering during establishment (first 2 years); drought-tolerant once established. Water during dry spells when flowering or fruiting. Avoid waterlogging.
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Spacing: 240 inches
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Days to maturity: 1095-1460 (trees begin fruiting at 3-4 years, full production at 5-6 years)
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Planting depth: Plant bare-root in winter at same depth as nursery pot; graft union should be 1-2 inches above soil line if grafted

Soil

Type: Well-draining loamy soil; tolerates clay and poor soils better than most fruit trees
pH: 6.0-7.0
Amendments:
Compost or well-rotted manure at planting Gritty sand if soil is heavy clay Mulch to retain moisture and suppress weeds

Growing Zones

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Thrives in zones 5-9, with best performance in zones 6-8

5a 5b 6a 6b 7a 7b 8a 8b 9a

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Growth Stages

1

Establishment (Year 1-2)

2 years

Young tree focuses on root and branch development with sparse flowering and no fruit

Stake and tie securely; prune to establish open goblet shape; water regularly during dry spells; remove any flower buds to redirect energy to growth

2

Flowering (Spring, April-May)

3-4 weeks

Delicate white to pale pink flowers bloom on branch tips, attractive to pollinators; flowers are self-fertile but benefit from cross-pollination

Ensure adequate moisture; thin flowers if exceptionally heavy set; protect from late frosts if possible; no pruning during flowering

3

Fruit Development (Summer, June-August)

8-10 weeks

Small fruit forms with characteristic large open calyx; fruits grow to 1-1.5 inches diameter, initially green then brown

Thin fruits to 4-6 inches apart if heavy set to encourage larger fruit; maintain consistent moisture; apply balanced fertilizer if growth is slow

4

Ripening & Maturation (September-October)

6-8 weeks

Fruits mature to russet-brown color and hard texture; flesh remains astringent and inedible until bletted

Stop heavy watering as fruits mature; do not harvest until fully colored; monitor for pests and disease

5

Bletting & Harvest (November-January)

4-8 weeks depending on temperature

Fruits naturally soften through frost (bletting) or are stored indoors until flesh becomes brown and soft, developing sweet flavor

Harvest when color deepens; store in cool place or expose to frost; use once fully bletted (texture like jam inside); use promptly as bletted fruit spoils quickly

Companion Planting

Plan your garden →

Plant with:

Avoid planting near:

Black walnut (produces juglone toxin) Dense conifers that shade heavily Competing vigorous shrubs requiring same root zone

Common Pests

  • Use pheromone traps for monitoring; apply neem oil or spinosad when larvae are active; remove and destroy infested fruit

  • Remove affected fruit early; apply insecticidal soap if severe; encourage natural predators

  • Spray with strong water jet; apply neem oil or horticultural soap; encourage ladybugs

  • Ensure good air circulation through pruning; avoid overhead watering; remove infected leaves; fungicide rarely necessary

Uses

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Medlar jams and jellies

Culinary

The primary culinary use; once bletted, medlar flesh is transformed into a distinctive spiced jam with a sweet-astringent flavor, traditionally paired with cheese. High pectin content requires minimal added sugar. [source]

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Medlar paste (cheese)

Culinary

Concentrated reduction of bletted medlar pulp with spices creates a firm paste served as a dessert or cheese accompaniment, similar to quince paste. A medieval and Victorian delicacy. [source]

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Digestive and astringent properties

Medicinal

Historically used in traditional herbal medicine to treat diarrhea and improve digestion; the tannins in unripe fruit provide astringent effects. Modern herbalists use medlar tea for digestive support. [source]

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Natural dye and preservative

Household

Medlar fruit and leaves contain compounds that have been used historically for dyeing textiles and as a natural food preservative, particularly in traditional fermentation. [source]

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Pollinator and wildlife support

Wildlife

The spring flowers are highly attractive to bees and other pollinators; fruit provides food for birds and small mammals in autumn and winter when other food sources are scarce. [source]

This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.

Harvest Tips

Harvest when fruit is fully colored (russet-brown) and hard, typically November-December. Pick by twisting gently off the branch. Store in cool place (50-60°F) or leave on tree exposed to frost. Fruit is ready to eat when flesh turns soft and brown (usually 2-4 weeks after picking or after frost exposure). Use bletted fruit immediately as it spoils within days.

Fun Facts

  • 🌱 Medlar Nottingham is a historic cultivar documented in English gardens since the 16th century and is the most widely grown medlar variety in the UK.
  • 🌱 The medlar's unusual large open calyx (resembling a crown) was believed by medieval herbalists to resemble female reproductive anatomy, earning it the folk name 'open-arse' in old English texts.
  • 🌱 Medlar fruit cannot be eaten in its fresh state due to astringent tannins; the bletting process (softening through frost or ripening) converts these compounds into sweet, edible pulp—a unique form of fruit maturation.

Gardening Terms

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