How to Grow Maltese Cross
Wikimedia Commons
Maltese Cross
Lychnis chalcedonica
flowerMaltese Cross is a vibrant perennial wildflower known for its striking scarlet-red, cross-shaped flower clusters that bloom in mid-summer. This hardy plant produces dense, upright stems with opposite leaves and grows 2-3 feet tall, making it an excellent choice for cottage gardens and cut flowers. The distinctive flower form and long blooming period make it a beloved heirloom garden plant.
When should you plant Maltese Cross in your zone?
Get a personalized planting timeline — when to start seeds, transplant, and harvest — based on your USDA zone and local frost dates. Free to start.
Example Maltese Cross timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)
-
Plant Maltese Cross
Around Apr 17Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.
-
Tend & protect
Late spring–summerWatering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.
-
First Maltese Cross blooms
Around Jul 16≈ 90 days after planting
Sample dates for Pittsburgh, PA. Sign up to get exact Maltese Cross dates for your own zip code.
Growing Conditions
Soil
Growing Zones
Find your zone →Thrives in zones 3-8; prefers cooler climates
Sign up free to see if Maltese Cross grows in your zone — and get a personalized planting timeline.
Get my Maltese Cross timeline →Growth Stages
Seed Germination
2-3 weeksSeeds germinate in 7-14 days at 65-70°F. Seedlings develop their first true leaves.
Keep soil moist but not soggy. Provide bright, indirect light. Do not cover seeds.
Seedling & Vegetative Growth
4-6 weeksPlants develop multiple leaves and establish root systems. Stems become sturdy and upright.
Thin seedlings to proper spacing. Water regularly. Fertilize with balanced fertilizer every 3-4 weeks. Protect from excessive wind.
Bud Formation
3-4 weeksDense clusters of flower buds form at the top of stems. Stems continue to elongate and strengthen.
Increase watering during dry spells. Apply balanced or phosphorus-rich fertilizer. Stake tall varieties if needed.
Flowering
4-8 weeksBrilliant scarlet-red, cross-shaped flowers open in dense terminal clusters. Flowers are long-lasting and attract pollinators.
Deadhead spent flowers to encourage continued blooming. Water during dry periods. Provide support with stakes if needed.
Seed Development & Dormancy
4-6 weeksIf flowers are not deadheaded, seed pods develop and dry on the plant. Plants begin to decline after flowering.
Leave some flowers for self-seeding if desired. Cut back stems after frost or allow to dry for ornamental effect. Mulch for winter protection in colder zones.
Companion Planting
Plan your garden →Plant with:
Avoid planting near:
Common Pests
-
Ensure good air circulation. Remove infected leaves. Avoid overhead watering. Apply sulfur or neem oil if severe. Thin plants to improve airflow.
-
Spray with water to dislodge. Use insecticidal soap or neem oil. Encourage beneficial insects like ladybugs.
-
Increase humidity by misting foliage. Spray with water forcefully. Apply neem oil or miticide if infestation is severe.
-
and
Remove by hand, especially at night. Use beer traps or copper barriers. Apply food-grade diatomaceous earth around plants.
Uses
Ornamental Garnish
CulinaryWhile not commonly consumed, the vibrant flowers can serve as an edible ornamental garnish for special occasion dishes and salads, adding visual appeal and a mild floral note. [source]
Cut Flower Arrangements
HouseholdMaltese Cross is prized for dried and fresh cut flower arrangements, bringing bold color and architectural form to bouquets and floral designs for weeks. [source]
Traditional Herbal Remedy
MedicinalHistorically used in traditional medicine for wound healing and inflammation reduction, though scientific evidence is limited. The plant was believed to have diuretic properties. [source]
Pollinator Attraction
WildlifeMaltese Cross flowers attract hummingbirds, butterflies, and bees throughout the summer, making it an excellent nectar source for pollinators in cottage and wildlife gardens. [source]
Dried Flower Crafts
CraftThe dried flower clusters retain their vibrant color and interesting shape, making them ideal for dried arrangements, wreaths, and pressed flower crafts. [source]
This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.
Harvest Tips
For cut flowers, harvest in early morning when blooms are fully open but before peak heat. Cut stems at a 45-degree angle just above a leaf node. Remove lower leaves to prevent rotting in water. Maltese Cross lasts 5-7 days in a vase with fresh water changed every 2-3 days. For seeds, allow flower clusters to dry on the plant until brown, then collect and store in a cool, dry place.
Fun Facts
- 🌱 The name 'Maltese Cross' comes from the distinctive cross-shaped pattern formed by the five petals of each flower, resembling the cross on the flag of Malta.
- 🌱 Maltese Cross is native to Russia and has been cultivated in European gardens since the 17th century, making it a true heirloom flower with centuries of gardening history.
- 🌱 The flowers are highly attractive to hummingbirds and were historically used in Victorian gardens as a symbol of dedication and devotion, fitting for its striking scarlet-red color.
Gardening Terms
New to gardening? Learn about terms used in this guide:
Join 30,000 gardeners planning their gardens with LizPlants.
Get your personalized Maltese Cross planting timeline
Tell us your zip code and we'll calculate exactly when to start Maltese Cross seeds, transplant seedlings, and harvest — based on your USDA zone and local frost dates. Includes calendar reminders and printable task lists. Free to start.
Get my Maltese Cross timeline →