How to Grow Burnet Rose

Burnet Rose

Rosa spinosissima

shrub

Rosa spinosissima, commonly known as Burnet Rose or Scotch Rose, is a hardy, deciduous to semi-evergreen shrub native to northern Europe and Asia. It produces fragrant, single or semi-double flowers in white, pink, or yellow, followed by dark red to black hips. This ancient rose is valued for its exceptional cold hardiness, disease resistance, and ability to thrive in poor soils.

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Example Burnet Rose timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)

  1. Plant Burnet Rose

    Around Apr 17

    Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.

  2. Tend & protect

    Late spring–summer

    Watering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.

  3. Harvest Burnet Rose

    Late summer into fall

    Before the first fall frost (≈ Nov 8)

Sample dates for Pittsburgh, PA. Sign up to get exact Burnet Rose dates for your own zip code.

Growing Conditions

☀️
Sun: Full sun, 6-8 hours daily; tolerates partial shade
💧
Water: Moderate water needs once established; drought tolerant. Water regularly during first growing season to establish deep roots. Reduce watering in established plants; overwatering can cause root rot.
📏
Spacing: 36 inches
📅
Days to maturity: 2-3 years to mature shrub; flowers appear in first year from established plants
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Planting depth: Plant bare-root canes so graft union (if grafted) is at soil level or 1-2 inches below; container plants at same depth as nursery pot

Soil

Type: Well-draining, sandy or loamy soil; tolerates poor soil
pH: 6.0-7.0
Amendments:
Compost Sand for drainage Peat moss or coconut coir

Growing Zones

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Thrives in zones 2-8; exceptionally hardy to zone 2

2a 2b 3a 3b 4a 4b 5a 5b 6a 6b 7a 7b 8a

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Growth Stages

1

Establishment

3-6 months

Young canes develop from planting; limited foliage in first season; minimal flowering

Keep consistently moist but not waterlogged. Avoid heavy pruning first year. Support canes if needed. Mulch to retain moisture and regulate soil temperature.

2

Vegetative Growth

Spring to early summer

Shrub develops dense, thorny stems with small, feathery foliage. Plant grows 3-6 feet tall depending on variety

Prune after flowering to shape and maintain size. Remove dead or diseased wood. Apply balanced fertilizer in spring. Light mulch application in fall.

3

Flowering

4-8 weeks (late spring to early summer)

Abundant single or semi-double flowers bloom along stems in white, pink, or yellow; flowers are lightly fragrant

Deadhead spent flowers if repeat blooming desired, though this removes hips. Avoid excessive nitrogen fertilizer which promotes foliage over flowers. Enjoy fragrance.

4

Hip Formation & Ripening

Late summer through winter

Dark red to nearly black hips develop on stems after flowers fade; hips are ornamental and persist into winter

Skip deadheading to allow hip development. Hips are valuable for wildlife and can be harvested for culinary use. No special care needed.

5

Dormancy

2-4 months (November-February in Northern regions)

Plant enters dormancy in late fall/winter; foliage may remain on semi-evergreen cultivars or drop completely

Minimal watering required in dormant period. Prune out dead wood in late winter (February-March in Northern Hemisphere). No fertilizer needed.

Companion Planting

Plan your garden →

Plant with:

Avoid planting near:

Black walnut trees (juglone toxicity) Fennel

Common Pests

  • Spray with strong water stream, neem oil, insecticidal soap, or introduce ladybugs. Avoid excessive nitrogen which promotes soft growth.

  • Hand-pick in early morning, use Japanese beetle traps, apply neem oil, or encourage natural predators. Avoid pyrethrins which harm beneficial insects.

  • Spray with water to dislodge, use miticides, or apply neem oil. Increase humidity around plant. Rosa spinosissima is generally resistant.

  • No cure; remove and destroy affected plants. Virus is transmitted by eriophyid mites. Rosa spinosissima shows good natural resistance.

Uses

🍳

Rosehip Tea & Preserves

Culinary

Rosa spinosissima hips are rich in vitamin C and make a tart, floral tea. They can be used to make jams, syrups, and jellies; seeds and hairs must be removed before consumption. [source]

💊

Immune Support & Anti-inflammatory

Medicinal

Rosehips have been used traditionally to boost immunity, reduce inflammation, and support joint health. Modern research confirms significant vitamin C and antioxidant content. [source]

🌿

Garden Structure & Wildlife Habitat

Ornamental

The dense, thorny shrub provides excellent structure in gardens, shelter for birds, and nectar for pollinators. Hips provide food for birds and wildlife through winter. [source]

🏠

Cut Flowers & Fragrance

Household

Delicate flowers are excellent for cutting and arrangements, with a light, pleasant fragrance. Petals can be used in potpourri or dried for crafts. [source]

🎨

Pressed Flowers & Petal Crafts

Craft

Petals dry beautifully for pressed flower art, bookmarks, and decorative crafts. Hips can be used in dried arrangements and wreaths. [source]

This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.

Harvest Tips

Harvest hips in late fall (October-November in Northern Hemisphere) after first frost, when they are fully colored and slightly soft. Cut with pruners to avoid thorns. Use fresh or dry for tea, syrup, or jam. Flowers can be cut in early morning when fully open for arrangements or pressed flowers.

Fun Facts

  • 🌱 Rosa spinosissima is one of the most cold-hardy roses and survives in Scandinavia and Russia where few other roses persist; it's native to windswept coastlines and moorlands.
  • 🌱 This ancient rose species was a parent of many heritage roses and is still grown much as it was 200+ years ago; Scottish gardeners called it 'Scotch Rose' and it became culturally significant.
  • 🌱 The hips turn nearly black when fully ripe and are among the largest and most flavorful of wild rose species, containing 20-40 times more vitamin C than oranges.

Gardening Terms

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