How to Grow Justicia

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Justicia

Justicia brandegeeana

shrub

Justicia, commonly known as Shrimp Plant, is a tropical shrub prized for its distinctive shrimp-like flower spikes with overlapping bracts in shades of red, orange, yellow, or white. The plant produces delicate tubular flowers that emerge from the colorful bracts, attracting hummingbirds and butterflies. It's popular as an ornamental houseplant and garden specimen in warm climates.

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Example Justicia timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)

  1. Plant Justicia

    Around Apr 17

    Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.

  2. Tend & protect

    Late spring–summer

    Watering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.

  3. Harvest Justicia

    Around Aug 15

    ≈ 120 days after planting

Sample dates for Pittsburgh, PA. Sign up to get exact Justicia dates for your own zip code.

Growing Conditions

☀️
Sun: Bright indirect light; tolerates partial shade but flowers more prolifically with 4-6 hours of indirect sunlight daily
💧
Water: Keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged during growing season; reduce watering in winter. Prefers humidity; mist occasionally or place on humidity tray
📏
Spacing: 18 inches
📅
Days to maturity: 120-150 days to first flowers
🌱
Planting depth: Surface sowing for seeds; transplants at same depth as in nursery pot

Soil

Type: Well-draining loamy or peat-based potting soil
pH: 6.0-7.0
Amendments:
Peat moss or coco coir Perlite or coarse sand for drainage Compost for organic matter

Growing Zones

Find your zone →

Thrives in zones 10-11; can be grown in zone 9 with protection or as a container plant brought indoors

9b 10a 10b 11a 11b

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Growth Stages

1

Seedling

2-3 weeks

Tiny seedlings with first true leaves emerging; very delicate and require high humidity

Keep soil evenly moist, provide bright indirect light, maintain 70-75°F, use propagation dome or plastic cover to maintain humidity

2

Vegetative

4-8 weeks

Plant develops multiple stems and oval-shaped leaves with prominent veining; gradually increases in size

Provide bright indirect light, maintain consistent moisture, pinch growing tips to encourage bushiness, begin light fertilizing every 2 weeks

3

Pre-flowering

3-4 weeks

Plant becomes fuller and more compact; leaf production slows as the plant allocates energy to bud development

Increase light exposure to 4-6 hours of bright indirect sun, continue regular fertilizing with balanced or bloom-promoting formula, maintain warm temperatures

4

Flowering

8-12 weeks or longer with proper care

Distinctive shrimp-like flower spikes emerge with colorful overlapping bracts (red, orange, yellow, or white) and delicate tubular flowers peeking out

Provide maximum bright indirect light, maintain consistent moisture and humidity, feed every 2 weeks with diluted bloom-promoting fertilizer, deadhead spent flowers to encourage more blooms

5

Maintenance & Rest

2-3 months (winter)

After flowering season winds down, plant enters semi-dormant period; growth slows and flowering decreases

Reduce watering slightly, cut back on fertilizer, prune to shape and remove leggy growth, maintain 60-65°F if possible, prepare for next growing season

Companion Planting

Plan your garden →

Plant with:

Avoid planting near:

Direct competitors for nutrients in containers Plants requiring dry conditions

Common Pests

  • Increase humidity, spray with water to rinse undersides of leaves, apply neem oil or insecticidal soap if severe; isolate infested plants

  • Remove with rubbing alcohol on cotton swab, spray with insecticidal soap or neem oil, repeat every 7-10 days until eliminated

  • Scrape off manually, treat with horticultural oil or neem oil, improve air circulation

  • Use yellow sticky traps, spray with insecticidal soap, increase humidity and air circulation

  • Ensure excellent drainage, allow soil to dry slightly between waterings, repot in fresh soil if affected, reduce watering frequency

Uses

🍳

Floral garnish and edible flowers

Culinary

The delicate flowers can be used as an ornamental and edible garnish for desserts and cocktails, adding visual appeal to culinary presentations. [source]

💊

Traditional herbal remedy

Medicinal

In some traditional medicine systems, Justicia species have been used to treat inflammation and digestive issues, though scientific evidence is limited. [source]

🏠

Indoor air purification and decoration

Household

As an ornamental houseplant, Justicia adds tropical beauty to indoor spaces and may contribute to air quality while thriving as a decorative focal point. [source]

🦋

Hummingbird and butterfly attractor

Wildlife

The nectar-rich flowers strongly attract hummingbirds and butterflies, making it an excellent addition to pollinator gardens and wildlife-friendly landscapes. [source]

🎨

Floral arrangements and dried flowers

Craft

The colorful bracts retain their vibrant hues well and can be cut for fresh or dried floral arrangements, adding unique texture to bouquets. [source]

This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.

Harvest Tips

Justicia is an ornamental plant, not typically harvested. Flowers can be enjoyed indoors when cut; they last 1-2 weeks in a vase. Pinch or prune stems regularly (especially in spring) to encourage bushier growth and more flower production. Remove dead flowers to extend blooming period.

Fun Facts

  • 🌱 The common name 'Shrimp Plant' derives from the flower spikes' remarkable resemblance to cooked shrimp, with the overlapping bracts resembling the shrimp's curved body.
  • 🌱 Justicia flowers bloom almost year-round in ideal conditions, with some plants producing flowers for 9-12 months per year when given sufficient light and warmth.
  • 🌱 The plant is native to Mexico and is sometimes called 'Beloperone' after its former scientific classification; it remains a traditional cottage plant in tropical and subtropical regions.

Gardening Terms

New to gardening? Learn about terms used in this guide:

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