How to Grow Jicama

Jicama

Pachyrhizus erosus

vegetable

Jicama is a tropical root vegetable grown for its large, starchy, edible tuber that resembles a turnip or potato. The plant produces climbing vines with small flowers and thrives in warm climates. The tuber is crisp, slightly sweet, and versatile in both raw and cooked preparations.

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Example Jicama timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)

  1. Plant Jicama

    Around Apr 17

    Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.

  2. Tend & protect

    Late spring–summer

    Watering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.

  3. Harvest Jicama

    Around Sep 14

    ≈ 150 days after planting

Sample dates for Pittsburgh, PA. Sign up to get exact Jicama dates for your own zip code.

Growing Conditions

☀️
Sun: Full sun, 6-8 hours daily minimum
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Water: Moderate and consistent moisture; water deeply 1-2 times per week. Reduce watering as harvest approaches to concentrate sugars and prevent root cracking. Avoid waterlogging.
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Spacing: 12 inches
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Days to maturity: 150-200 days
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Planting depth: 1 inch

Soil

Type: Well-draining sandy loam soil
pH: 5.5-7.0
Amendments:
Compost or aged manure Perlite for drainage Balanced fertilizer low in nitrogen

Growing Zones

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Thrives in zones 9b-11; grown as annual in zones 8-9

9b 10a 10b 11a 11b

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Growth Stages

1

Seedling

3-4 weeks

Small sprouted seed with 2-4 true leaves; delicate vine growth begins

Keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Provide protection from wind and direct heat stress initially. Thin seedlings to proper spacing early.

2

Vegetative Growth

4-6 weeks

Vine develops rapidly with compound leaves and climbing tendrils; root expansion begins underground

Provide trellis or support structure for climbing vines. Water regularly and maintain consistent moisture. Apply balanced fertilizer monthly; avoid excess nitrogen which promotes foliage over tuber development.

3

Flowering

4-8 weeks

Small delicate purple, blue, or white flower clusters appear on vines; tuber continues enlarging below ground

Continue supporting and training vines. Maintain regular watering schedule. Monitor for pests attracted to flowers. Flowers do not produce viable seeds in most climates outside native range.

4

Tuber Development

8-12 weeks

Underground tuber expands significantly, becoming larger and starchy; foliage continues but growth slows toward maturity

Reduce nitrogen fertilizer and watering frequency slightly to concentrate sugars. Keep soil from compacting around tuber. Check tuber size periodically by gentle soil examination.

5

Mature & Harvest Ready

At maturity; can remain in ground until frost threatens

Tuber reaches 3-6 inches diameter, skin toughens, foliage may yellow or senesce

Reduce watering gradually 2-3 weeks before harvest. Dig carefully to avoid damaging tuber. Handle gently to prevent bruising during harvest and storage.

Companion Planting

Plan your garden →

Plant with:

Avoid planting near:

Fennel Potatoes Carrots Other root vegetables in confined spaces

Common Pests

  • Spray with water to dislodge; use insecticidal soap or neem oil if severe. Maintain adequate humidity.

  • Use yellow sticky traps; apply neem oil or insecticidal soap; remove heavily infested leaves.

  • Hand-pick beetles and larvae; use row covers early in season; apply spinosad if needed.

  • Rotate crops; solarize soil if history of infestation; choose resistant varieties if available.

  • and

    Ensure excellent drainage; avoid overhead watering; remove infected foliage; improve air circulation with proper spacing.

Uses

🍳

Raw snack and salads

Culinary

Jicama tubers are crisp, juicy, and slightly sweet when raw, making them an excellent addition to fresh salads, slaws, and vegetable platters. Peel and dice or slice the raw tuber for a refreshing, low-calorie snack with a texture similar to water chestnuts. [source]

🍳

Cooked dishes and stir-fries

Culinary

Jicama tubers can be roasted, boiled, steamed, or stir-fried as a side dish or incorporated into soups, curries, and Asian noodle dishes. When cooked, they become tender while maintaining a slightly crisp texture and develop a mild, slightly sweet flavor. [source]

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Digestive health and fiber

Medicinal

Jicama contains inulin, a prebiotic fiber that supports digestive health and beneficial gut bacteria. Regular consumption may improve digestion, blood sugar control, and provide satiety with minimal calories. [source]

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Storage and shelf stability

Household

Jicama tubers store exceptionally well in cool, dark conditions for several months, making them a practical staple for long-term vegetable storage without refrigeration in suitable climates. [source]

🦋

Pollinator attraction

Wildlife

Jicama flowers attract bees, butterflies, and other pollinators, making the plant beneficial for supporting local pollinator populations and biodiversity in the garden. [source]

This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.

Harvest Tips

Harvest tubers when they reach 3-6 inches in diameter and skin becomes brownish, typically 150-200 days after planting. Dig carefully with a garden fork, working around the plant to avoid spearing the tuber. Harvest before first frost in cool climates. Handle tubers gently to prevent bruising. Store in a cool, dark place (50-60°F) in dry conditions; can keep 2-3 weeks at room temperature or several months refrigerated.

Fun Facts

  • 🌱 Jicama is native to Mexico and Central America and has been cultivated for over 10,000 years, with evidence of use in pre-Columbian times.
  • 🌱 The entire jicama plant except the tuber is toxic, containing the alkaloid 'rotenone,' which is used as a natural pesticide; only the tuber is safe to eat after cooking removes surface toxins.
  • 🌱 Jicama tubers can be stored at room temperature for 2-3 weeks or refrigerated for several months, making them one of the longest-keeping fresh vegetables—their durability made them valuable for long sea voyages historically.

Gardening Terms

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