How to Grow Golden Amaranth

iNaturalist

Golden Amaranth

Amaranthus hypochondriacus

vegetable

Golden Amaranth is a heat-loving annual plant prized for both its nutritious grain-like seeds and tender edible leaves. It produces tall, dramatic golden-bronze seed heads and can reach 4-6 feet tall, making it as ornamental as it is productive. The entire plant is edible, offering versatility in the kitchen and exceptional nutritional value.

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Example Golden Amaranth timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)

  1. Plant Golden Amaranth

    Around Apr 17

    Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.

  2. Tend & protect

    Late spring–summer

    Watering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.

  3. Harvest Golden Amaranth

    Around Jun 26

    ≈ 70 days after planting

Sample dates for Pittsburgh, PA. Sign up to get exact Golden Amaranth dates for your own zip code.

Growing Conditions

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Sun: Full sun, 6-8+ hours daily; tolerates some afternoon shade in hot climates
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Water: Moderate watering once established; drought-tolerant but produces better with consistent moisture during growth. Water deeply 1-2 times weekly depending on rainfall and temperature.
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Spacing: 12-18 inches
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Days to maturity: 70-100
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Planting depth: 1/4 inch

Soil

Type: Well-draining loamy to sandy soil
pH: 6.0-7.0
Amendments:
Compost Aged manure Peat moss for water retention in sandy soils

Growing Zones

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Thrives in zones 5-10; grows as an annual in cooler zones

3b 4a 4b 5a 5b 6a 6b 7a 7b 8a 8b 9a 9b 10a 10b 11a

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Growth Stages

1

Seedling

2-3 weeks

Tiny plants with 2-4 true leaves, delicate and tender. Cotyledons are narrow and slightly reddish.

Keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Thin seedlings to proper spacing early. Protect from strong winds and excessive heat stress.

2

Vegetative

4-6 weeks

Rapid growth phase with increasingly large, broad leaves on elongating stems. Plant develops deep red or bronze coloration in leaves and stems.

Ensure consistent moisture and apply balanced fertilizer every 3-4 weeks. Stake taller varieties if in windy locations. Pinch early buds if harvesting leaves primarily.

3

Flowering & Seed Head Formation

3-4 weeks

Terminal seed heads emerge, initially green then gradually turning golden-bronze. Tiny flowers mature into seed clusters along the inflorescence.

Reduce nitrogen fertilizer to encourage seed development over foliage. Continue watering but allow soil to dry slightly between waterings. Support heavy flower heads with stakes if needed.

4

Seed Maturation

2-3 weeks

Seed heads fully develop their characteristic golden color and become heavy and fully mature. Seeds at this stage are plump and ready for harvest.

Minimize watering to allow seeds to dry fully on plant. Watch for birds attempting to feed on ripening seeds; use netting if necessary. Allow some seeds to self-sow for next season if desired.

5

Harvest & Dry Down

At harvest

Seed heads are fully mature, golden, and seeds separate easily from the head. Foliage may begin to yellow as the plant focuses energy on seed production.

Harvest seed heads as they mature to prevent shattering losses. Dry harvested heads indoors on screens for several weeks. Store dried seeds in cool, dry conditions.

Companion Planting

Plan your garden →

Plant with:

Avoid planting near:

Brassicas (broccoli, cabbage, kale) Fennel Walnut trees

Common Pests

  • Handpick or use neem oil spray; encourage beneficial insects. Usually not economically damaging.

  • Spray with water to dislodge; use insecticidal soap if severe. Ensure consistent soil moisture to prevent stress.

  • Spray with strong water stream; use neem oil or insecticidal soap. Encourage ladybugs and parasitic wasps.

  • Use bird netting over maturing seed heads. Install reflective tape or motion-activated devices nearby.

  • Handpick or use Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). Usually minimal damage to mature plants.

Uses

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Ancient Grain & Seeds

Culinary

Amaranth seeds are a complete protein containing all nine essential amino acids, making them valuable for plant-based diets. Seeds can be popped like popcorn, cooked as a grain, ground into flour, or sprouted. [source]

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Leafy Green Vegetable

Culinary

Young amaranth leaves are highly nutritious edible greens with a mild, slightly sweet flavor. They can be eaten raw in salads, sautéed like spinach, or added to soups and stir-fries. [source]

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Traditional Medicine & Immune Support

Medicinal

Amaranth has been used in traditional medicine systems for centuries to support digestive health and boost immunity. Rich in polyphenols and antioxidants, it may help reduce inflammation. [source]

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Natural Dye Source

Household

The deep red and golden pigments in amaranth can be extracted and used to create natural dyes for textiles and crafts. [source]

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Bird & Pollinator Food Source

Wildlife

Mature seed heads provide abundant food for wild birds and beneficial insects, making it an excellent permaculture plant for wildlife habitat. [source]

This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.

Harvest Tips

For grain: Allow seed heads to fully mature and turn golden, typically 90-100 days after planting. Cut entire seed heads and dry indoors on screens for 3-4 weeks, then thresh by rubbing heads between hands over a cloth to separate seeds. For leaves: Harvest tender young leaves starting 4-6 weeks after planting by pinching off top 4-6 inches; regrowth occurs readily. Leaves are best when under 12 inches tall and tender.

Fun Facts

  • 🌱 Amaranth was a staple crop of the Aztecs, who valued it so highly that they incorporated it into religious ceremonies; it remains a sacred food in indigenous cultures across the Americas.
  • 🌱 A single amaranth plant can produce over 500,000 tiny seeds, making it one of the most prolific seed producers in the vegetable garden.
  • 🌱 Golden Amaranth is both a food crop and ornamental plant; its dramatic tall seed heads are popular in dried flower arrangements and cut flower displays.

Gardening Terms

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