How to Grow Flowering Bok Choy

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Flowering Bok Choy

Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis

vegetable

Flowering bok choy, also known as choy sum or Chinese broccoli, is a leafy green vegetable prized for its tender flowering stems and leaves. Unlike regular bok choy, this variety is harvested for its delicate flower buds and young stalks rather than mature heads. It's a cool-season crop that thrives in spring and fall gardens with a mild, slightly sweet flavor.

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Example Flowering Bok Choy timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)

  1. Plant Flowering Bok Choy

    Around Apr 17

    Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.

  2. Tend & protect

    Late spring–summer

    Watering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.

  3. Harvest Flowering Bok Choy

    Around May 27

    ≈ 40 days after planting

Sample dates for Pittsburgh, PA. Sign up to get exact Flowering Bok Choy dates for your own zip code.

Growing Conditions

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Sun: Full sun, 6-8 hours daily; tolerates partial shade in hot climates
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Water: Keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Water deeply 1-2 inches per week. More frequent watering in warm weather. Drip irrigation or soaker hoses reduce disease.
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Spacing: 6-12 inches
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Days to maturity: 40-60
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Planting depth: 0.25-0.5 inches

Soil

Type: Well-draining, fertile loamy soil rich in organic matter
pH: 6.0-7.5
Amendments:
Compost aged manure peat moss nitrogen-rich fertilizer

Growing Zones

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Zones 5-9 for spring planting; zones 6-10 for fall planting. Best in mild climates.

3a 3b 4a 4b 5a 5b 6a 6b 7a 7b 8a 8b 9a 9b

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Growth Stages

1

Seedling

1-2 weeks

Tiny cotyledons emerge and first true leaves develop. Plant is small and delicate.

Keep soil consistently moist. Provide bright light. Thin seedlings to proper spacing once true leaves appear.

2

Vegetative

2-3 weeks

Multiple stems and leaves develop. Plant grows bushy with 4-6 leaves visible.

Maintain consistent moisture and feed with balanced fertilizer every 2 weeks. Thin to final spacing if needed.

3

Stem Elongation

1-2 weeks

Flowering stems begin to lengthen and thicken. Buds form at the leaf axils and stem tips.

Continue regular watering and fertilizing with nitrogen to support stem growth. Watch for bolting in warm weather.

4

Flowering/Bud Formation

2-4 weeks

Small yellow or white flower buds cluster at stem tips and leaf axils. Tender immature flowers are prime for harvest.

Begin harvesting outer stems to encourage side branching and prolong production. Keep harvesting to prevent full flower opening.

5

Harvest Ready

Ongoing for 2-3 weeks

Tender flowering stems with unopened buds are at peak quality—tender and mild-flavored.

Harvest in early morning when stems are crisp. Cut stems 4-6 inches long from the outside of the plant.

Companion Planting

Plan your garden →

Plant with:

Avoid planting near:

Tomatoes peppers eggplants cabbage broccoli cauliflower kale mustard

Common Pests

  • Use row covers before damage appears. Apply Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) spray. Hand-pick caterpillars. Plant with companion herbs like dill.

  • Use row covers on young plants. Apply neem oil spray. Dust with diatomaceous earth. Ensure adequate soil moisture.

  • Spray with water to dislodge. Use insecticidal soap. Apply neem oil. Encourage beneficial insects like ladybugs.

  • Apply Bt spray. Use row covers. Hand-pick larvae. Encourage parasitic wasps.

  • Use row covers. Apply beneficial nematodes to soil. Practice crop rotation. Remove debris.

Uses

🍳

Stir-fries & Asian Cuisine

Culinary

Flowering bok choy is a staple in Asian cooking, particularly in Chinese cuisine. The tender stems and mild, slightly sweet flower buds are lightly cooked in stir-fries, soups, and steamed dishes. [source]

🍳

Fresh & Cooked Greens

Culinary

Both raw in salads when young and tender, or briefly cooked by steaming, sautéing, or blanching. The delicate texture is best preserved with minimal cooking. [source]

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Nutritional & Anti-inflammatory

Medicinal

Like other brassicas, flowering bok choy contains glucosinolates, compounds with potential anti-cancer properties, and is rich in vitamins C, K, and A, calcium, and iron. [source]

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Sustainable Garden Production

Household

A quick-growing crop that provides multiple harvests from a small space, making it ideal for home gardeners and succession planting strategies. [source]

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Pollinator & Beneficial Insect Support

Wildlife

If allowed to fully flower, the small yellow or white blooms attract bees, butterflies, and other pollinators and beneficial insects to the garden. [source]

This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.

Harvest Tips

Begin harvesting when stems are 4-6 inches long and flower buds are just beginning to form but still tightly closed. Cut stems from the outside of the plant, leaving the center to continue growing. Regular harvesting encourages more side shoots and extends the harvest window. Morning harvest yields crispest stems. Plants typically produce for 2-4 weeks before bolting completely.

Fun Facts

  • 🌱 Flowering bok choy is sometimes called 'choy sum,' which literally means 'vegetable heart' in Cantonese, referring to the tender flowering stems that form the plant's center.
  • 🌱 Unlike regular bok choy, which is harvested as a full head, flowering bok choy is a cut-and-come-again crop that can be harvested multiple times from the same plant, similar to perpetual spinach.
  • 🌱 This crop is extremely temperature-sensitive and will bolt (flower prematurely) in warm weather over 75°F, making it an ideal crop for cool spring and fall seasons in most climates.

Gardening Terms

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