How to Grow Field Pea CDC Amarillo

Field Pea CDC Amarillo

Pisum sativum subsp. arvense

vegetable

CDC Amarillo is a yellow field pea variety developed by the Crop Development Centre at the University of Saskatchewan, bred for agronomic performance and disease resistance. It produces high-yielding crops of small, round yellow seeds used for human consumption, animal feed, and ingredient applications. This cool-season legume is valued for its nitrogen-fixing capabilities and adaptation to prairie growing conditions.

Growing Conditions

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Sun: Full sun, 6-8 hours daily minimum
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Water: Moderate water needs; requires consistent moisture during flowering and pod development (approximately 12-15 inches total seasonal rainfall or irrigation); drought-tolerant once established but yields suffer under water stress
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Spacing: 4-6 inches between plants in rows 18-24 inches apart for small-scale cultivation; direct seed at 30-40 lb/acre for commercial production inches
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Days to maturity: 90-110 days to physiological maturity
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Planting depth: 1-1.5 inches deep

Soil

Type: Well-draining loamy to clay loam soil with good structure
pH: 6.0-7.5
Amendments:
Balanced phosphorus and potassium fertilizer if deficient Avoid excessive nitrogen (legume will fix its own) Gypsum for heavy clay soils to improve drainage

Growing Zones

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Zones 2-6; excels in cool-season climates of northern regions, particularly the Canadian prairies

2a 2b 3a 3b 4a 4b 5a 5b 6a 6b

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Growth Stages

1

Germination & Emergence

7-14 days

Seeds germinate in cool soil (40-50°F optimal); seedlings emerge with two cotyledon leaves followed by first true compound leaves

Plant as soon as soil is workable in spring; ensure consistent soil moisture; protect from birds if needed; soil temperature should reach 45°F minimum

2

Vegetative Growth

25-35 days

Plant develops branching stem structure with compound leaflets and tendrils; height ranges 18-24 inches depending on conditions; no flowers present yet

Monitor for early pest presence (aphids, pea leaf weevil); ensure adequate light; thin seedlings if overcrowded; light cultivation only to avoid damaging shallow roots

3

Flowering

14-21 days

White to pale pink flowers appear in leaf axils; plant reaches near-full height; flowering progresses from lower nodes upward

Maintain consistent moisture during this critical period; avoid high nitrogen applications; monitor for powdery mildew and fungal diseases in humid conditions; ensure pollinator access (peas are mostly self-pollinating)

4

Pod Development & Grain Filling

20-30 days

Pods develop and elongate, each typically containing 5-9 seeds; seeds enlarge and fill with starch and protein; plant begins to yellow

Continue consistent moisture supply through early grain-fill; reduce watering as pods mature to encourage ripening; continue pest and disease monitoring; avoid mechanical damage to ripening crop

5

Maturation & Harvest Ready

10-14 days

Pods dry and become brittle; seeds turn firm yellow; plant is completely yellow-brown and desiccated; pod seams split easily when bent

Stop irrigation; allow field to dry completely for 7-10 days before harvest; monitor moisture content (target 13-15% for storage); prepare equipment for harvest

Common Pests

  • Scout early spring for notched leaflet damage; use insecticidal sprays if populations exceed threshold; encourage parasitoid wasps; select resistant varieties

  • Monitor for colonies; spray with insecticidal soap or neem oil; encourage ladybugs and parasitic wasps; avoid excess nitrogen

  • Control weeds in and around field; monitor during flowering; use selective insecticides if threshold exceeded; encourage predatory insects

  • Ensure good air circulation; avoid overhead watering; apply sulfur dust or potassium bicarbonate sprays at first sign; select resistant varieties like CDC Amarillo when possible

  • Use disease-free seed; rotate with non-legume crops; avoid fields with history of disease; ensure good drainage; remove infected plants promptly

Uses

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Human food & ingredients

Culinary

CDC Amarillo peas are used whole in soups, curries, and traditional dishes, or split into dhal for nutritious meals. The seeds are ground into flour for baking, pasta production, and as a protein-rich ingredient in plant-based food products. [source]

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Animal feed & protein supplement

Culinary

Field peas are a premium livestock feed, providing digestible protein for cattle, swine, poultry, and aquaculture. They serve as an alternative to imported soybean meal, particularly in sustainable and local food systems. [source]

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Nitrogen fixation & soil health

Household

As a nitrogen-fixing legume, CDC Amarillo adds 40-80 lbs of biologically available nitrogen per acre to the soil, reducing synthetic fertilizer requirements for subsequent crops and improving soil organic matter. [source]

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Nutritional & health benefits

Medicinal

Peas are rich in plant-based protein, dietary fiber, vitamins (particularly B vitamins and C), minerals (iron, magnesium, phosphorus), and polyphenol antioxidants. Regular consumption supports heart health, digestive function, and sustainable nutrition. [source]

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Crop breeding & research

Craft

CDC Amarillo represents Canadian prairie agricultural research, serving as a model variety for breeding disease resistance, cold tolerance, and agronomic efficiency. Its genetics contribute to improved cultivars adapted to climate variability. [source]

This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.

Harvest Tips

Harvest when pods are completely dry and brittle, typically late August through September in northern zones. Crop is mature when seed moisture drops to 13-15%. Can be harvested with combine equipped with pea-specific headers, or swathed and combined in two passes. Allow field to dry down for 7-10 days before harvest for optimal grain quality. Test seed moisture with grain moisture meter before storage. Best stored in cool, dry conditions at 10-12% moisture in food-grade containers with protection from insects.

Fun Facts

  • 🌱 CDC Amarillo was developed at the University of Saskatchewan's Crop Development Centre, which has released numerous improved pulse crop varieties recognized globally for their performance in cool climates.
  • 🌱 Field peas form a symbiotic relationship with Rhizobium bacteria in root nodules, which can fix 100-150 lbs of atmospheric nitrogen per acre—making them a natural soil fertility builder and reducing dependence on synthetic nitrogen fertilizers.
  • 🌱 The yellow color of CDC Amarillo peas is due to the absence of anthocyanin pigments (unlike green peas), making them valuable for applications where a bright, consistent color is desired in processed foods and dhal products.

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