How to Grow Dubautia

iNaturalist

Dubautia

Dubautia spp.

shrub

Dubautia is a genus of woody shrubs endemic to the Hawaiian Islands, comprising around 26 species with remarkable diversity in leaf shape, size, and growth form. These plants are members of the Asteraceae (daisy) family and are well-adapted to Hawaiian volcanic soils and varying elevations. They range from low groundcovers to tall shrubs and are valued for their ornamental foliage and small yellow or white flowers.

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Example Dubautia timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)

  1. Plant Dubautia

    Around Apr 17

    Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.

  2. Tend & protect

    Late spring–summer

    Watering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.

  3. Harvest Dubautia

    Late summer into fall

    Before the first fall frost (≈ Nov 8)

Sample dates for Pittsburgh, PA. Sign up to get exact Dubautia dates for your own zip code.

Growing Conditions

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Sun: Full sun to partial shade, 6-8 hours of direct sunlight daily
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Water: Moderate water needs; drought-tolerant once established. Water regularly during growing season but allow soil to dry between waterings. Reduce watering in winter. Different species have varying water requirements depending on native habitat.
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Spacing: 24-48 inches depending on species and mature size inches
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Days to maturity: 90-180 days to visible growth; slow-growing; 2-3 years to reach ornamental maturity
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Planting depth: Plant transplants at same depth as in nursery pot; surface-sow seeds or barely cover

Soil

Type: Well-draining volcanic or sandy loam soil
pH: 6.0-7.0
Amendments:
Perlite or pumice for drainage Organic compost Sulfur if pH is too high

Growing Zones

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Thrives in USDA zones 10b-11, best in tropical and subtropical climates

10b 11a 11b

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Growth Stages

1

Seedling

4-8 weeks

Small plants with first true leaves emerging, delicate and requiring protection

Maintain consistent moisture without waterlogging. Provide bright, indirect light. Protect from strong winds and temperature fluctuations.

2

Juvenile

3-6 months

Young plants developing characteristic leaf forms and establishing branching structure

Gradually increase light exposure. Begin light pruning to encourage bushiness. Continue regular watering as soil dries.

3

Vegetative Growth

6-18 months

Established shrub producing dense foliage, characteristic of the species

Water moderately; drought tolerance increases with age. Fertilize monthly during growing season with balanced fertilizer. Prune as needed for shape.

4

Flowering

2-4 months (varies by species)

Small clusters of yellow or white flowers appear on branch tips; blooming varies by species and season

Maintain consistent watering. Do not heavily prune during flowering. Flowers attract native Hawaiian pollinators.

5

Fruiting & Maturity

Ongoing once mature

Small seed capsules develop after flowering; plant reaches full ornamental and functional maturity

Allow flowers to set seed if propagation desired. Maintain established watering and feeding schedule. Prune selectively to maintain form.

Companion Planting

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Plant with:

Native Hawaiian ferns Ōhia lehua (Metrosideros polymorpha) Native sandalwood (Santalum spp.) Hawaiian silk oak (Grevillea robusta) Naupaka (Scaevola spp.) Native Hawaiian grass species

Avoid planting near:

Invasive species that compete aggressively Plants requiring consistently wet soil Salt-sensitive species in coastal areas (some Dubautia are salt-tolerant, others are not)

Common Pests

  • Spray with water to dislodge; use horticultural oil or miticide if severe; improve air circulation

  • Remove by hand; apply horticultural oil or neem oil; prune heavily infested branches

  • Spray with insecticidal soap; use neem oil; isolate infested plants

  • and

    Generally beneficial; avoid broad-spectrum pesticides to protect native pollinators

Uses

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Hawaiian Garden Landscaping

Ornamental

Dubautia species are prized for creating native Hawaiian gardens and xeriscapes. Their diverse foliage forms and moderate to drought-tolerant nature make them ideal for creating authentic Hawaiian plant communities or modern sustainable landscapes. [source]

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Native Pollinator Support

Wildlife

Dubautia flowers provide nectar and pollen for native Hawaiian honey creepers, insects, and other pollinators. Planting Dubautia helps support endangered endemic Hawaiian wildlife and ecosystem restoration efforts. [source]

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Erosion Control & Groundcover

Household

Low-growing Dubautia species stabilize volcanic slopes, prevent erosion, and serve as attractive groundcovers for difficult terrain. They are particularly valuable in Hawaiian restoration projects on lava flows and degraded lands. [source]

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Foliage Arrangement & Lei Work

Craft

Dubautia foliage is used in traditional and contemporary Hawaiian lei-making and floral arrangements, valued for texture, color variation, and cultural significance. [source]

Harvest Tips

Dubautia is not typically harvested for commercial use. For propagation, collect seed capsules when dry and papery in fall; extract and sow immediately or dry-store. Cuttings can be taken from semi-hardwood growth in spring; use rooting hormone and provide high humidity. Foliage can be selectively pruned year-round for ornamental shaping or to control size.

Fun Facts

  • 🌱 Dubautia species exhibit extraordinary diversity in a single genus—some are ground-hugging plants while others grow into tall shrubs, and their leaves vary from needle-like to broad and fleshy, representing an example of adaptive radiation in the Hawaiian Islands.
  • 🌱 All Dubautia species are found naturally only in Hawai'i, making them fully endemic to the archipelago and critically important to Hawaiian ecosystem health and conservation efforts.
  • 🌱 The genus Dubautia is named after Jean-Baptiste du Buat, an 18th-century French naturalist, and its flowers are typically pollinated by native Hawaiian honeycreepers, a relationship that has evolved over millions of years.

Gardening Terms

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