How to Grow Dragonfly Plant
iNaturalist
Dragonfly Plant
Epilobium canum
flowerDragonfly plant is a California native perennial wildflower known for its vibrant red tubular flowers that attract hummingbirds and dragonflies. The plant features slender, lance-shaped foliage and blooms prolifically from summer through fall. It's an excellent choice for xeriscape gardens and drought-tolerant landscapes.
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Example Dragonfly Plant timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)
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Plant Dragonfly Plant
Around Apr 17Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.
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Tend & protect
Late spring–summerWatering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.
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First Dragonfly Plant blooms
Mid-to-late summerBefore the first fall frost (≈ Nov 8)
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Growing Conditions
Soil
Growing Zones
Find your zone →Thrives in zones 8-10, though some cultivars tolerate zone 7 with protection
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Get my Dragonfly Plant timeline →Growth Stages
Seedling
3-4 weeksTiny seedlings emerge with delicate cotyledons and first true leaves appearing thin and narrow
Keep soil lightly moist but not wet; provide bright light; thin seedlings to prevent damping off
Vegetative
6-8 weeksPlant develops bushy foliage with elongating stems and increasing lance-shaped leaves; no flowers yet
Reduce watering as plant matures; avoid over-fertilizing; prune lightly to encourage branching if desired
Budding
2-3 weeksFlower buds begin forming at stem tips, appearing as small red or orange protrusions among the foliage
Maintain consistent moderate watering; do not fertilize heavily as it reduces blooms
Flowering
3-4 months (summer to fall)Tubular red, orange, or pink flowers open sequentially along stems; flowers attract hummingbirds and insects
Deadhead spent flowers to encourage continued blooming; water sparingly; provide afternoon shade in extreme heat
Dormancy
2-3 months (winter)Plant dies back in winter; foliage yellows and withers as plant enters dormant period
Cut back dead foliage in late winter; provide excellent drainage to prevent root rot during dormancy; minimal to no water
Companion Planting
Plan your garden →Plant with:
Avoid planting near:
Common Pests
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Spray with water to dislodge; use insecticidal soap if severe; ensure adequate air circulation
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Remove affected leaves; apply yellow sticky traps; use neem oil as last resort
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Prevent via excellent drainage and reduced watering; remove and destroy affected plants; amend soil with perlite
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Improve air circulation; avoid overhead watering; apply sulfur dust if needed
Uses
Hummingbird nectar source
WildlifeThe bright red tubular flowers are a favorite of hummingbirds and other pollinators throughout the bloom season. The high nectar content makes it an excellent addition to pollinator gardens. [source]
Edible flowers
CulinaryThe flowers are edible with a mildly sweet, nectar-like flavor and can be used to garnish salads or desserts. They add visual appeal and a delicate floral note to culinary presentations. [source]
Drought-tolerant landscaping
HouseholdAs a California native requiring minimal water once established, dragonfly plant is ideal for xeriscape and water-wise garden designs. It reduces landscape maintenance and irrigation needs. [source]
Traditional herbal use
MedicinalNative Californians traditionally used Epilobium species for various herbal remedies. Modern herbalists sometimes use the plant for general wellness support, though scientific evidence is limited. [source]
Cut flowers and arrangements
CraftThe long-lasting red blooms can be cut for fresh floral arrangements, adding color and a native plant element to indoor displays. Flowers last several days in water. [source]
This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.
Harvest Tips
Not typically harvested, but flowers can be deadheaded to extend blooming season. For seed collection, allow flowers to fade and seed pods to dry on the plant, then collect seeds in late summer to fall when pods split open naturally
Fun Facts
- 🌱 Despite its common name 'Dragonfly Plant,' the plant was named for its fan-shaped leaves that supposedly resemble dragonfly wings, though it is not actually related to dragonflies and primarily attracts hummingbirds.
- 🌱 Epilobium canum is native to the Southwest and California, where it evolved to thrive in chaparral and desert regions with minimal water, making it one of the most drought-tolerant flowering perennials.
- 🌱 The plant produces copious amounts of nectar and can attract dozens of hummingbirds during peak bloom season, sometimes making it a focal point in wildlife gardens where hummingbird activity becomes notably elevated.
Gardening Terms
New to gardening? Learn about terms used in this guide:
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