How to Grow Crimson Flower

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Crimson Flower

Spigelia marilandica

flower

Crimson Flower, also known as Indian Pink, is a striking native North American wildflower featuring tubular crimson-red flowers with yellow throats that bloom in late spring to early summer. This shade-loving perennial reaches 12-24 inches tall and attracts hummingbirds and other pollinators. It thrives in woodland gardens and shaded borders with consistently moist soil.

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Example Crimson Flower timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)

  1. Plant Crimson Flower

    Around Apr 17

    Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.

  2. Tend & protect

    Late spring–summer

    Watering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.

  3. First Crimson Flower blooms

    Around Aug 15

    ≈ 120 days after planting

Sample dates for Pittsburgh, PA. Sign up to get exact Crimson Flower dates for your own zip code.

Growing Conditions

☀️
Sun: Partial shade to full shade; 2-4 hours of dappled sunlight ideal
💧
Water: Keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged; prefers humid conditions; water regularly during growing season and maintain moisture during dry periods
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Spacing: 12-15 inches
📅
Days to maturity: 120-150 (from seed to first bloom)
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Planting depth: Surface to 1/8 inch for seeds; plant transplants at same depth as nursery pot

Soil

Type: Rich, well-draining woodland loam with high organic matter
pH: 6.0-7.0
Amendments:
Compost Leaf mold Peat moss Aged bark

Growing Zones

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Zones 5-9; can survive zone 4b with winter protection

4b 5a 5b 6a 6b 7a 7b 8a 8b 9a

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Growth Stages

1

Seedling

3-4 weeks

Tiny seedlings emerge with cotyledons; very delicate and slow-growing initially

Keep soil consistently moist; provide bright indirect light; maintain 65-70°F; protect from direct sun and strong air currents

2

Juvenile Growth

6-10 weeks

First true leaves develop; plant slowly establishes root system and reaches 2-4 inches

Maintain consistent moisture and humidity; do not let soil dry out; begin fertilizing lightly with balanced fertilizer every 2-3 weeks

3

Vegetative Growth

8-12 weeks

Plant develops bushy foliage with oval-lanceolate leaves; reaches mature height of 12-24 inches

Ensure adequate partial shade; provide mulch to maintain soil moisture and cool roots; no deadheading needed at this stage

4

Flowering

4-6 weeks

Tubular crimson-red flowers with yellow centers appear in terminal spikes; peak bloom in May-June

Maintain consistent moisture; do not overwater; provide partial shade to extend bloom period; avoid fertilizing heavily as it promotes foliage over flowers

5

Seed Development & Dormancy

8-12 weeks, then dormant 4-5 months

Flowers fade and seed capsules develop; plant naturally dies back in fall and goes dormant over winter

Leave seed pods on plant for self-seeding; apply 2-3 inch mulch layer in fall for winter protection in colder zones; do not cut back until spring

Companion Planting

Plan your garden →

Plant with:

Avoid planting near:

Aggressive spreaders like Mint Highly competitive perennials like Yarrow Plants requiring dry conditions like Sedums

Common Pests

  • Increase humidity; spray foliage with water; use insecticidal soap if severe

  • and

    Handpick at night; use slug traps; copper barriers around plants

  • Ensure good air circulation; avoid overhead watering; apply sulfur or neem oil if needed

  • Improve drainage; reduce watering frequency; do not mulch against the crown

Uses

🦋

Hummingbird Magnet

Wildlife

The bright crimson-red tubular flowers are irresistible to ruby-throated hummingbirds, making it an excellent addition to pollinator gardens. Native wildflower status ensures it attracts local hummingbird populations. [source]

💊

Traditional Herbal Use

Medicinal

Historically used by Native Americans and early settlers as a treatment for parasitic infections and digestive ailments, though modern clinical evidence is limited. Traditionally prepared as a tea or tincture. [source]

🍳

Edible Flowers

Culinary

The flowers can be used as a garnish for salads and desserts, providing visual appeal and a subtle floral flavor. Use sparingly as ornamental additions to culinary dishes. [source]

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Cut Flower Arrangements

Household

The striking crimson spikes make excellent additions to woodland-themed floral arrangements and bouquets. Flowers last 7-10 days in a vase with fresh water. [source]

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Native Plant Restoration

Wildlife

As a native wildflower to eastern North America, it supports local ecosystems and provides food for native insects and birds. Ideal for woodland garden restoration projects. [source]

This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.

Harvest Tips

Allow flowers to bloom fully for ornamental enjoyment and hummingbird attraction. For cut flowers, harvest in early morning when flowers are fully open. To collect seeds for propagation, allow seed pods to mature and dry on the plant (August-September), then collect before they shatter naturally.

Fun Facts

  • 🌱 Crimson Flower is the sole species in the genus Spigelia that is native to North America; other Spigelia species are found in Central and South America.
  • 🌱 The common name 'Indian Pink' refers to both the original inhabitants of the Americas and the deep pink-red coloration of the flowers, not the plant family.
  • 🌱 Despite being slow to establish from seed, this plant will self-sow freely once mature, creating naturalized colonies in ideal woodland conditions.

Gardening Terms

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