How to Grow Coral Tree
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Coral Tree
Erythrina lysistemon
treeA deciduous to semi-evergreen African tree prized for its spectacular scarlet to coral-red flower displays that attract hummingbirds and sunbirds. Growing 20-35 feet tall, it features thorny branches, compound leaves, and produces elongated flower spikes before or during leaf emergence. This fast-growing ornamental is ideal for warm climates and serves as a striking focal point in gardens.
When should you plant Coral Tree in your zone?
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Example Coral Tree timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)
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Plant Coral Tree
Around Apr 17Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.
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Tend & protect
Late spring–summerWatering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.
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Harvest Coral Tree
Late summer into fallBefore the first fall frost (≈ Nov 8)
Sample dates for Pittsburgh, PA. Sign up to get exact Coral Tree dates for your own zip code.
Growing Conditions
Soil
Growing Zones
Find your zone →Thrives in zones 9b-11; frost-sensitive below 25°F
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Get my Coral Tree timeline →Growth Stages
Seedling
4-6 weeksYoung tree with one or few stems, small compound leaves emerging, tender growth
Keep soil moist but not saturated; provide bright light; protect from cold; staking may be needed in windy sites
Juvenile
2-3 yearsRapid height and branch development; thorny stem formation; increasing leaf canopy; no flowering yet
Water regularly during dry periods; prune to shape if desired; remove lower branches for tree form; fertilize monthly with balanced NPK
Pre-Flowering
1-2 yearsTree reaching near mature size; fuller branching; leaf formation on deciduous patterns; visible flower buds forming on branch tips
Maintain consistent watering; reduce nitrogen to encourage flowering; allow natural leaf drop in winter; ensure full sun exposure
Flowering & Fruiting
3-4 weeks flowering; 2-3 months pod maturationSpectacular coral-red flower spikes appear on bare or emerging branches; flowers attract pollinators; seed pods develop after pollination
Do not fertilize heavily during flowering; maintain adequate water; flowers last several weeks; leave spent flowers for seed development if desired
Dormancy
2-4 months depending on climateLeaves drop in dry or cool season; branches remain; tree appears bare but is alive
Minimal watering needed; do not prune heavily; provide frost protection in zones 9b-10a if temperatures drop below 25°F; allow natural rest period
Companion Planting
Plan your garden →Plant with:
Avoid planting near:
Common Pests
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Spray with neem oil or insecticidal soap; increase humidity; prune heavily infested branches
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Remove by hand or soft brush; apply neem oil or horticultural oil; encourage natural predators like ladybugs
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Prune affected branches; spray with dormant oil in winter; apply horticultural oil during growing season
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Prune and destroy galled branches; promote tree vigor with proper care; biological controls being studied
Uses
Pollinator & Bird Attraction
WildlifeCoral Tree's vibrant red flowers are highly attractive to hummingbirds, sunbirds, and other nectar-feeding species, making it invaluable for supporting local bird populations. The nectar-rich blooms provide essential food sources during the tree's flowering season. [source]
Traditional Food Use
CulinaryIn some African and Asian cultures, immature seed pods and flowers are eaten as vegetables, though consumption varies by region and preparation methods. Modern cultivation in Western gardens focuses primarily on ornamental value. [source]
Traditional Medicine
MedicinalIn indigenous African and Asian medicine systems, Erythrina lysistemon bark, roots, and seeds have been used traditionally for pain relief and various ailments. Modern scientific research is exploring alkaloid compounds in Erythrina species for potential therapeutic applications. [source]
Ornamental Specimen
HouseholdThe Coral Tree serves as a dramatic focal point in warm-climate gardens, with its bare branches transformed by brilliant scarlet flowers creating unmatched visual impact. Ideal for tropical, Mediterranean, and warm desert landscapes. [source]
Landscaping & Urban Design
CraftWidely used in landscape design for parks, streetscapes, and gardens in appropriate climates. The tree's sculptural form, deciduous nature, and seasonal interest make it valuable for both formal and informal designs. [source]
This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.
Harvest Tips
Do not harvest; tree is grown for ornament. Seed pods can be collected when dry and brown for propagation. Allow pods to split naturally on tree or harvest and dry indoors. Store seeds in cool, dry conditions.
Fun Facts
- 🌱 Erythrina lysistemon is South Africa's national tree, featured on the country's coat of arms and cultural insignia; it holds profound cultural significance for multiple indigenous groups.
- 🌱 The name 'Coral Tree' refers to the brilliant coral-red flowers that can appear while the tree is still completely bare of leaves, creating a striking skeletal floral display visible from great distances.
- 🌱 All parts of the Coral Tree contain toxic alkaloids, particularly erythraline; despite traditional food uses, modern cultivation avoids human consumption due to these compounds.
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