How to Grow Comtess Hazelnut

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Comtess Hazelnut

Corylus avellana 'Comtess'

shrub

Comtess is a hybrid hazelnut cultivar developed for improved nut production and disease resistance. It produces abundant, large hazelnuts with excellent flavor and is more compact than some traditional varieties. This deciduous shrub is valued both for its culinary nuts and ornamental qualities.

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Example Comtess Hazelnut timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)

  1. Plant Comtess Hazelnut

    Around Apr 17

    Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.

  2. Tend & protect

    Late spring–summer

    Watering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.

  3. Harvest Comtess Hazelnut

    Late summer into fall

    Before the first fall frost (≈ Nov 8)

Sample dates for Pittsburgh, PA. Sign up to get exact Comtess Hazelnut dates for your own zip code.

Growing Conditions

☀️
Sun: Full sun, 6-8 hours daily; partial shade tolerated but reduces nut production
💧
Water: Moderate watering; approximately 1-1.5 inches per week during growing season. Establish deep watering during first 2-3 years. Drought tolerant once established but produces better with consistent moisture.
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Spacing: 120 inches
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Days to maturity: 2-4 years to first significant nut production; full production at 5-8 years
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Planting depth: Plant bare-root or containerized shrubs at same depth as grown in nursery; graft union 2 inches above soil if grafted

Soil

Type: Well-draining loamy to sandy loam soil
pH: 5.5-7.0
Amendments:
Compost Aged manure Peat moss for acid soils Mulch layer (3-4 inches)

Growing Zones

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Thrives in zones 4-8, with best performance in zones 5-7

4a 4b 5a 5b 6a 6b 7a 7b 8a

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Growth Stages

1

Establishment

Year 1-2

Young shrub focuses on root development and framework growth with minimal flowering

Water regularly, apply 3-4 inch mulch layer, prune to establish open center structure, avoid fertilizer excess which promotes vegetative growth over flowering

2

Vegetative Growth

Year 2-4

Vigorous shoot growth with increasingly dense branching; catkins begin forming toward end of stage

Thin overcrowded branches, remove crossing or inward-growing canes, maintain open center form, reduce nitrogen fertilization

3

Flowering & Pollination

Late winter to early spring

Male catkins (yellow, pendulous) elongate in late winter/early spring; female flowers (red, small) appear at branch tips

Ensure cross-pollination by planting compatible pollinizer variety nearby (e.g., 'Barcelona', 'Ennis', or other European cultivars); catkins develop in fall but open in early spring before leaf break

4

Nut Development & Maturation

Spring through late summer (4-5 months)

Small green fruits develop in clusters within leafy husks; nuts enlarge through summer, husks turn brown and papery

Maintain consistent moisture; thin excessive clusters if desired for larger individual nuts; monitor for pests and disease

5

Harvest & Dormancy

Fall to winter

Nuts mature and drop in late fall; shrub becomes dormant over winter with bare branches

Harvest nuts promptly after dropping to prevent mold and rodent damage; clean nuts and dry thoroughly; minimal pruning needed except removing dead wood

Companion Planting

Plan your garden →

Plant with:

Avoid planting near:

Shallow-rooted plants competing for moisture Walnut trees (allelopathic compounds) Excessively wet-soil perennials

Common Pests

  • Remove dropped husks promptly; apply spinosad or carbaryl in late spring; resistant varieties like Comtess offer some resistance

  • Collect and destroy fallen nuts with exit holes; apply botanical insecticides in summer; maintain sanitation

  • Choose resistant cultivars like Comtess; prune out infected cankers 12 inches below visible damage; sterilize tools; avoid overhead irrigation

  • Select resistant varieties; provide good air circulation; remove severely affected branches

  • and

    Harvest nuts promptly; use hardware cloth cages around base; remove alternate food sources if necessary

Uses

🍳

Table nuts and hazelnut products

Culinary

Comtess hazelnuts are prized for eating fresh, roasting, and processing into hazelnut butter, oil, and chocolate spreads. The nuts have rich, sweet flavor with full kernel development. [source]

🍳

Baking and pastry applications

Culinary

The distinctive flavor makes Comtess hazelnuts ideal for baked goods, pralines, tortes, and confections where hazelnut is a key ingredient. [source]

💊

Nutritional and heart-health benefits

Medicinal

Hazelnuts are rich in monounsaturated fats, vitamin E, and antioxidants; consumption is associated with improved cardiovascular health and cholesterol profiles. [source]

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Oil production and skincare

Household

Cold-pressed hazelnut oil is used in cosmetics, skincare products, and culinary finishing applications due to its light texture and anti-inflammatory properties. [source]

🎨

Ornamental and hedging

Craft

Comtess hazelnuts serve as attractive landscape shrubs with interesting catkin displays in winter and productive edible harvests, making them dual-purpose for homeowners. [source]

This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.

Harvest Tips

Hazelnuts mature in late September through October in most regions. Nuts naturally drop when fully mature; collect daily to minimize rodent and mold damage. Nuts are ready when husks turn brown and papery. Shell should be hard and kernel inside should be tan-colored. Spread harvested nuts in single layer in warm, dry location for 2-3 weeks; nuts dry properly when kernel rattles inside shell. Store dried nuts in cool, dry conditions or shell immediately for culinary use.

Fun Facts

  • 🌱 Hazelnuts are among the world's oldest cultivated trees, with evidence of cultivation dating back over 8,000 years; they appear in ancient Germanic and Celtic mythology as symbols of wisdom and protection.
  • 🌱 A single mature hazelnut shrub can produce 50-100 pounds of nuts annually once established, making them one of the most productive home nut crops per square foot of space.
  • 🌱 The catkins of hazelnuts are among the earliest signs of spring in many temperate regions, often elongating and shedding pollen while snow still covers the ground; this unusual timing allows pollination before deciduous trees leaf out.

Gardening Terms

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