How to Grow Columnar Arborvitae
Columnar Arborvitae
Thuja occidentalis
treeColumnar arborvitae is a narrow, upright evergreen conifer prized for screening, windbreaks, and formal hedging. It maintains a tight, columnar shape with soft, feathery foliage that ranges from bright green to golden or bronze depending on the variety and season. This hardy native tree requires minimal pruning and provides year-round structure and privacy.
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Example Columnar Arborvitae timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)
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Plant Columnar Arborvitae
Around Apr 17Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.
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Tend & protect
Late spring–summerWatering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.
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Harvest Columnar Arborvitae
Late summer into fallBefore the first fall frost (≈ Nov 8)
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Growing Conditions
Soil
Growing Zones
Find your zone →Thrives in zones 3-7, tolerates zones 2-8
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Establishment (Year 1)
12 monthsYoung tree with developing root system, foliage may appear slightly stressed or discolored
Water consistently 2-3 times weekly; apply 2-3 inch mulch layer; protect from harsh winter winds with burlap if in exposed location; avoid fertilizing first year
Early Growth (Years 2-3)
24 monthsTree gains height and fills out; foliage becomes denser and more vibrant in color
Reduce watering frequency as root system establishes; apply balanced slow-release fertilizer in spring if needed; minimal pruning except for dead/damaged branches; maintain mulch layer
Maturation (Years 3-7)
48 monthsTree reaches desired height and width; dense, full columnar form achieved
Water during drought; light spring pruning to shape or remove any crossing branches; monitor for pests; can be sheared lightly for hedge application; no fertilizing needed if growth is adequate
Full Maturity (Year 7+)
IndefiniteTree fully established with dense foliage throughout, reaching ultimate height and width
Minimal maintenance; water during extended dry periods; occasional light pruning for shape maintenance; monitor for winter damage or pest issues; no fertilizing necessary
Companion Planting
Plan your garden →Plant with:
Avoid planting near:
Common Pests
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Prune affected branches; apply insecticidal soap in early summer; maintain tree vigor through proper watering and care
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Spray foliage with water to dislodge; apply horticultural oil or insecticidal soap; increase humidity around tree
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Hand-pick bags in fall/winter; apply Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) in early summer when caterpillars are small
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Improve drainage; avoid overwatering; ensure well-draining soil; remove and replace severely affected trees
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Install 8-foot deer fencing; use deer repellent sprays; plant in areas with natural barriers
Uses
Privacy Screens and Hedging
HouseholdColumnar arborvitae is the premier choice for living screens and hedgerows, providing year-round privacy and windbreak protection. Dense foliage creates an effective visual barrier with minimal pruning required. [source]
Holiday Decorations and Arrangements
CraftFresh arborvitae branches and foliage are popular in winter floral arrangements, wreaths, and holiday garland. The soft texture and pleasant fragrance make it a versatile decorative element. [source]
Traditional Herbal Use
MedicinalArborvitae has a long history in traditional medicine and herbal preparations, particularly from Eastern arborvitae species. Modern use is limited but historical applications included respiratory and immune support. [source]
Wildlife Shelter and Cover
WildlifeDense columnar arborvitae provides excellent year-round shelter for birds, small mammals, and beneficial insects. The dense branching structure offers protection from predators and harsh weather. [source]
Formal Landscape Ornamentation
HouseholdThe narrow, architectural form makes columnar arborvitae ideal for formal gardens, foundation plantings, and framing entryways. It adds vertical interest and structure to landscape designs with minimal width. [source]
This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.
Harvest Tips
Arborvitae is not harvested for food. For ornamental/craft purposes: Prune branches in late fall or winter for holiday decorations or arrangements; use pruned foliage fresh or allow to dry. Harvest cones in fall when mature and dry for crafts.
Fun Facts
- 🌱 Arborvitae means 'tree of life' in Latin, named by early Europeans who were impressed by its resilience and longevity—trees can live 50+ years.
- 🌱 Columnar arborvitae is native to eastern North America and was used by Indigenous peoples as a natural remedy; it's one of the first North American trees introduced to Europe in the 1500s.
- 🌱 The foliage often changes color in winter, turning bronze, purple, or rusty tones due to anthocyanin pigments protecting the foliage from harsh cold and UV exposure—this is completely normal and the color returns to green in spring.
Gardening Terms
New to gardening? Learn about terms used in this guide:
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