How to Grow Christmas Lima

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Christmas Lima

Phaseolus lunatus

vegetable

Christmas Lima is a large, flat lima bean variety with distinctive red and white mottled pods and creamy white beans with red markings. It's a warm-season legume that produces abundantly in favorable conditions and develops deep red coloring on the pods as they mature. This heirloom variety is prized for both its ornamental appearance and rich, buttery flavor.

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Example Christmas Lima timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)

  1. Plant Christmas Lima

    Around Apr 17

    Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.

  2. Tend & protect

    Late spring–summer

    Watering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.

  3. Harvest Christmas Lima

    Around Jun 26

    ≈ 70 days after planting

Sample dates for Pittsburgh, PA. Sign up to get exact Christmas Lima dates for your own zip code.

Growing Conditions

☀️
Sun: Full sun, 6-8 hours daily minimum
💧
Water: Regular watering, 1-2 inches per week; keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Reduce watering once pods begin to mature to concentrate flavors.
📏
Spacing: 6 inches
📅
Days to maturity: 70-90 days
🌱
Planting depth: 1 to 1.5 inches

Soil

Type: Well-draining loamy soil with moderate fertility
pH: 6.0-7.0
Amendments:
Compost or aged manure Lime if pH is below 6.0 Avoid excess nitrogen which promotes foliage over flowering

Growing Zones

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Thrives in zones 5-9; can be grown as an annual in cooler zones 3-4

3b 4a 4b 5a 5b 6a 6b 7a 7b 8a 8b 9a 9b

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Growth Stages

1

Seedling

2-3 weeks

Cotyledons emerge 7-10 days after planting; first true leaves appear shortly after

Keep soil evenly moist but not soggy. Provide full sun. Thin to strongest seedlings if direct seeded.

2

Vegetative Growth

3-4 weeks

Plant develops climbing vines (pole varieties) or bushy form; leaves expand and branches form

Install trellising or support structure early. Water consistently. Monitor for pests. Apply compost mulch to retain moisture.

3

Flowering

2-3 weeks

Small white, pink, or pale lavender flowers appear along the vine; flowers self-pollinate

Maintain adequate moisture during flowering. Avoid high nitrogen fertilizer which can reduce flowering. Ensure good air circulation.

4

Pod Development & Maturation

3-4 weeks

Flowers fade and young pods begin to swell; pods develop distinctive red and white mottled coloring as they mature

Continue regular watering through early pod development, then taper off. Pods are ready when they reach full size and beans inside feel firm when gently squeezed.

5

Harvest

2-4 weeks of picking

Pods reach full maturity with deep red coloring; beans inside are large, fully developed, and can be shelled fresh or left to dry

Pick pods regularly to encourage continued production. For fresh beans, harvest at green stage; for dried beans, allow pods to turn brown and papery.

Companion Planting

Plan your garden →

Plant with:

Avoid planting near:

Onions Garlic Fennel Kohlrabi Other bean varieties (cross-pollination risk)

Common Pests

  • Hand-pick adults and yellow egg clusters daily; apply spinosad or neem oil if infestation is severe; plant row covers on young plants

  • Increase humidity by misting foliage; spray with strong water spray; use neem oil or miticide if severe

  • Spray with insecticidal soap or neem oil; encourage beneficial insects like ladybugs

  • Plant resistant varieties when available; control aphids which transmit virus; remove and destroy infected plants immediately

  • Ensure good air circulation; avoid overhead watering; spray with sulfur or baking soda solution if needed

Uses

🍳

Fresh shell beans

Culinary

Christmas Limas are exceptional when shelled fresh and cooked briefly until tender; they have a rich, buttery texture and creamy flavor that makes them a gourmet addition to pasta, rice, and vegetable dishes. [source]

🍳

Dried beans for storage

Culinary

When fully mature and dried, these beans can be stored for up to a year and used in soups, stews, and bean dishes year-round, providing plant-based protein and fiber. [source]

🏠

Ornamental garden crop

Household

The distinctive red and white mottled pods make Christmas Lima visually striking in garden displays and edible landscaping, combining productivity with aesthetic appeal. [source]

💊

Nutritional support

Medicinal

Like all legumes, lima beans are rich in folate, manganese, and polyphenols that support bone health, blood sugar regulation, and antioxidant defense. [source]

🦋

Nitrogen fixation

Wildlife

As a nitrogen-fixing legume, Christmas Lima enriches soil naturally, reducing the need for synthetic fertilizers and improving soil fertility for subsequent crops. [source]

This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.

Harvest Tips

For fresh shell beans (best flavor), harvest pods when they are full-sized but still green, with beans inside fully developed but tender. Shell and use immediately or refrigerate. For dried beans suitable for storage, allow pods to remain on vine until they turn brown and papery (typically 3-4 weeks after the green stage), then harvest and dry completely indoors before storing.

Fun Facts

  • 🌱 Christmas Lima beans get their name from their distinctive holiday-red and white mottled pod appearance, making them a festive addition to the garden and harvest season.
  • 🌱 Lima beans were domesticated in Central and South America over 7,000 years ago and were named after Lima, Peru, one of the major ports where they were exported from.
  • 🌱 The pods often develop the most vivid red coloring when grown in warm climates with full sun, with some pods becoming nearly entirely red at peak maturity.

Gardening Terms

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