How to Grow Bulbophyllum

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Bulbophyllum

Bulbophyllum spp.

flower

Bulbophyllum is a diverse genus of epiphytic orchids comprising over 2,000 species, making it one of the largest orchid genera. Known for their unique, often bizarre flower shapes and fascinating pollination mechanisms, these orchids are found primarily in tropical and subtropical regions. Many species produce flowers with distinctive movements and unusual scents to attract specific pollinators.

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Example Bulbophyllum timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)

  1. Plant Bulbophyllum

    Around Apr 17

    Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.

  2. Tend & protect

    Late spring–summer

    Watering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.

  3. First Bulbophyllum blooms

    Mid-to-late summer

    Before the first fall frost (≈ Nov 8)

Sample dates for Pittsburgh, PA. Sign up to get exact Bulbophyllum dates for your own zip code.

Growing Conditions

☀️
Sun: Bright, indirect light; 50-75% shade cloth in hot climates; avoid direct midday sun
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Water: Keep consistently moist but never waterlogged; water more frequently during growing season; reduce watering in winter dormancy. High humidity (60-80%) is essential; mist regularly or use humidity trays
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Spacing: 6-12 inches depending on species size; allow adequate air circulation around plants inches
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Days to maturity: 2-5 years from young plantlet to flowering size (varies significantly by species)
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Planting depth: Pseudobulbs planted at soil level; do not bury; mount on bark slabs or plant in shallow containers

Soil

Type: Loose, well-draining epiphytic orchid mix (bark-based with sphagnum moss and perlite)
pH: 5.5-7.0
Amendments:
Medium-grade orchid bark (60%) Sphagnum moss (20%) Perlite or charcoal (20%) Small amount of coco chips

Growing Zones

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Thrives in tropical and subtropical zones 10-12; requires greenhouse cultivation in cooler climates

10a 10b 11a 11b 12a 12b

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Growth Stages

1

Young Plantlet/Propagation

6-12 months

Tiny new growths emerging from rhizomes, developing initial roots and miniature pseudobulbs

Maintain high humidity (70-80%); provide warm temperatures (70-80°F); use well-draining medium; mist frequently; provide bright, filtered light

2

Vegetative Growth

1-2 years

Development of mature pseudobulbs and leaves; plant grows in size and strength with multiple new growths

Water regularly as plant actively grows; maintain humidity; provide bright indirect light; fertilize every 2-3 weeks with diluted orchid fertilizer (1/4 strength); ensure excellent air circulation

3

Pre-flowering/Dormancy

2-4 months

Growth slows; plant may show signs of rest period with reduced new leaf emergence; flower buds begin developing at pseudobulb bases

Reduce watering slightly; maintain cooler nighttime temperatures (60-65°F) to trigger flowering; reduce nitrogen fertilizer; increase phosphorus and potassium (bloom booster); maintain humidity

4

Flowering

2-8 weeks (varies by species; some flower multiple times yearly)

Unique, often grotesque flowers emerge from pseudobulb bases; flower shapes range from tiny to moderately sized; colors and forms extremely variable by species; some species produce flowers that move when touched

Maintain consistent care; do not move blooming plants; provide bright light to support flower color; water carefully around blooms; avoid overhead watering on flowers; enjoy fragrance (if present) and unique movements

5

Post-flowering/Recovery

3-6 weeks

Flowers fade and fall; plant may rest briefly or continue vegetative growth depending on species and season

Return to regular watering and feeding; remove spent flower spikes; resume normal light and temperature regimes; prepare for next growth cycle

Companion Planting

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Plant with:

Avoid planting near:

Plants requiring dry conditions Cacti and succulents (incompatible water needs) Frost-sensitive plants in cold regions (different temperature requirements) Plants sensitive to high humidity

Common Pests

  • Inspect regularly; treat with insecticidal soap or neem oil; isolate infested plants; use systemic insecticide if severe

  • Increase humidity dramatically; mist foliage frequently; spray with miticide; ensure excellent air circulation; repeat treatments every 7-10 days

  • Remove scales manually with soft brush; treat with horticultural oil; apply systemic insecticide; monitor closely for reinfestation

  • Reduce excess moisture; allow media to dry slightly between waterings; use gnat traps; apply beneficial nematodes; treat with insecticide if severe

  • Spray with strong water stream; treat with insecticidal soap; use neem oil; apply systemic insecticide for heavy infestations

Uses

🏠

Ornamental Display Plants

Household

Bulbophyllums serve as unique, conversation-starting houseplants and greenhouse specimens. Their exotic, often bizarre flower forms and unusual pollinator-mimicking movements make them prized by orchid enthusiasts and collectors worldwide. [source]

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Cut Flower Arrangements

Craft

Select long-lasting Bulbophyllum varieties produce stunning cut flowers for tropical and exotic flower arrangements. The unusual flower shapes add dramatic visual interest to floral designs and can last 2-4 weeks in water. [source]

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Pollinator Attraction

Wildlife

Many Bulbophyllum species have evolved extraordinary flowers that mimic specific pollinators (primarily flies and small wasps) in shape, scent, and movement to ensure species-specific pollination. Growing these species supports understanding of coevolution and plant-pollinator relationships. [source]

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Traditional Medicine Applications

Medicinal

Some Bulbophyllum species have been used in traditional Southeast Asian and Pacific Island medicine for various remedies. Research into orchid phytochemistry continues to explore potential antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory compounds. [source]

🍳

Edible Flowers (select species)

Culinary

While not widely cultivated for culinary use, certain Bulbophyllum species produce edible flowers occasionally used as exotic garnishes in high-end cuisine. Most are prized for visual appeal rather than flavor. [source]

This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.

Harvest Tips

Bulbophyllums are ornamental orchids grown for flowers rather than harvest. Cut flower spikes when fully open for floral arrangements (some species have long-lasting blooms lasting several weeks). Leave flower spikes on plant if enjoying in-situ pollinator-mimicking movements. Some species' blooms are fragrant and best appreciated in person. For propagation, divide mature plants with at least 3-4 pseudobulbs per division after flowering; allow divisions to establish before disturbing

Fun Facts

  • 🌱 Bulbophyllum is the largest genus of orchids with over 2,000 species, yet many remain undiscovered and unstudied in remote tropical rainforests, particularly in Papua New Guinea and Southeast Asia
  • 🌱 Some Bulbophyllum species, such as B. phalaenopsis, have hinged lips on their flowers that actually move and bounce when pollinating insects land on them—a mechanical trap mechanism that encourages proper pollination
  • 🌱 The genus includes species with the most repulsive odors in the entire plant kingdom, with some specimens smelling like decaying carrion or feces to attract their specific fly pollinators, making them among the most foul-smelling flowers on Earth

Gardening Terms

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