How to Grow Broomcorn Black
Wikimedia Commons
Broomcorn Black
Sorghum bicolor
grassBroomcorn Black is a variety of sorghum specifically cultivated for broommaking, producing tall stalks with seed heads that contain naturally dark, stiff fibers. The plant grows 8-12 feet tall and is drought-tolerant, making it ideal for arid and semi-arid regions. Historically important for broom production, it remains valued both for its traditional craft use and as a ornamental/functional crop.
When should you plant Broomcorn Black in your zone?
Get a personalized planting timeline — when to start seeds, transplant, and harvest — based on your USDA zone and local frost dates. Free to start.
Example Broomcorn Black timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)
-
Plant Broomcorn Black
Around Apr 17Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.
-
Tend & protect
Late spring–summerWatering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.
-
Harvest Broomcorn Black
Around Aug 15≈ 120 days after planting
Sample dates for Pittsburgh, PA. Sign up to get exact Broomcorn Black dates for your own zip code.
Growing Conditions
Soil
Growing Zones
Find your zone →Thrives in zones 5-9; prefers warm-season growing conditions
Sign up free to see if Broomcorn Black grows in your zone — and get a personalized planting timeline.
Get my Broomcorn Black timeline →Growth Stages
Seedling
2-3 weeksSmall grass-like shoots emerge with narrow leaves; plant is 2-4 inches tall
Keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Thin seedlings to proper spacing. Protect from birds if possible.
Vegetative Growth
4-6 weeksPlant develops multiple leaves and stems, reaching 1-3 feet tall; root system establishes deeply
Reduce watering frequency as drought tolerance increases. Weed regularly. No fertilizer needed if soil is adequate.
Jointing & Stem Elongation
4-6 weeksRapid height increase to 5-8 feet; nodes become visible on stems
Ensure adequate spacing for air circulation. Staking may help in windy areas. Water if drought occurs.
Flowering & Seed Development
3-4 weeksSeed head emerges from top of stalk; dark seeds develop on panicle branches
Monitor for pests. Avoid overhead watering to prevent fungal issues. Do not fertilize at this stage.
Maturity & Harvest
2-3 weeksSeeds fully mature and darken; seed head fibers become stiff and broom-quality; plant begins to dry
Stop watering. Allow stalks to cure in field for 2-3 weeks if weather permits. Monitor for seed shattering.
Companion Planting
Plan your garden →Plant with:
Avoid planting near:
Common Pests
-
Plant resistant varieties; avoid planting near susceptible crops; use insecticide if populations are severe
-
Monitor for damage; remove affected sections; use Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) if needed
-
Maintain adequate moisture; use row covers early season; apply insecticidal soap if severe
-
Use bird netting or scare devices during seed maturation
Uses
Traditional Broommaking
CraftBroomcorn Black is the classic variety for handmade broom production. The dark fibers are strong, stiff, and naturally curved, making them ideal for bristle bundles in traditional corn brooms. [source]
Ornamental & Decorative Arrangements
HouseholdDried seed heads make striking decorative elements in dried flower arrangements, wreaths, and fall/harvest displays. The dark color adds visual contrast and rustic appeal. [source]
Birdseed & Animal Feed
CulinarySeeds can be harvested and used as high-energy feed for chickens, wild birds, and other livestock. Rich in carbohydrates and fiber. [source]
Wildlife Habitat & Forage
WildlifeMature plants provide shelter and food sources for birds and beneficial insects. Seed heads attract songbirds and game birds. [source]
Sorghum Grain Health Benefits
MedicinalSorghum grains are naturally gluten-free and contain antioxidants, tannins, and phenolic compounds that support digestive health and reduce inflammation. [source]
This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.
Harvest Tips
Harvest when seed heads are fully mature and dark (approximately 140-150 days after planting), typically late August through September depending on region. Cut stalks 8-12 inches below the seed head using a sharp knife or sickle. Bundle and hang upside down in a dry, well-ventilated area to cure for 2-4 weeks. Seeds can be stripped mechanically or by hand. For highest quality broom fibers, harvest before seeds fully harden.
Fun Facts
- 🌱 Broomcorn production peaked in the United States in the 1930s-1950s but remains a specialty crop in Oklahoma and other regions. The seed heads were traditionally tied together to create handmade brooms that are still prized for their durability.
- 🌱 Sorghum is one of the most drought-tolerant grain crops, able to survive on 60% less water than corn while producing similar yields—making Broomcorn Black an excellent choice for water-stressed environments.
- 🌱 The term 'broomcorn' is somewhat misleading: it is not actually corn (maize) but rather a variety of sorghum. The name arose from its primary historical use in broom production.
Join 30,000 gardeners planning their gardens with LizPlants.
Get your personalized Broomcorn Black planting timeline
Tell us your zip code and we'll calculate exactly when to start Broomcorn Black seeds, transplant seedlings, and harvest — based on your USDA zone and local frost dates. Includes calendar reminders and printable task lists. Free to start.
Get my Broomcorn Black timeline →