How to Grow Barletta Onion

Wikimedia Commons

Barletta Onion

Allium cepa var. cepa

vegetable

Barletta is a small, white pickling onion variety known for its mild flavor and tender texture. These miniature onions mature to about 1-1.5 inches in diameter and are prized for pickling, garnishing, and cooking whole. They're a short-day variety that produces abundantly in appropriate climates.

When should you plant Barletta Onion in your zone?

Get a personalized planting timeline — when to start seeds, transplant, and harvest — based on your USDA zone and local frost dates. Free to start.

Get my Barletta Onion timeline →

Example Barletta Onion timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)

  1. Plant Barletta Onion

    Around Apr 17

    Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.

  2. Tend & protect

    Late spring–summer

    Watering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.

  3. Harvest Barletta Onion

    Around Jun 16

    ≈ 60 days after planting

Sample dates for Pittsburgh, PA. Sign up to get exact Barletta Onion dates for your own zip code.

Growing Conditions

☀️
Sun: Full sun, 6-8 hours daily minimum
💧
Water: Consistent moisture throughout growing season; water when top inch of soil is dry. Keep soil evenly moist but not waterlogged. Reduce watering as bulbs mature to prevent splitting.
📏
Spacing: 2-3 inches between plants in rows 12 inches apart inches
📅
Days to maturity: 60-75 days
🌱
Planting depth: 0.5-1 inch deep for sets; 0.25 inch for seeds

Soil

Type: Well-draining loamy soil with consistent moisture retention
pH: 6.0-7.0
Amendments:
compost aged manure balanced fertilizer (10-10-10) perlite for drainage

Growing Zones

Find your zone →

Zones 3-9; prefers cooler to moderate climates

3a 3b 4a 4b 5a 5b 6a 6b 7a 7b 8a 8b 9a 9b

Sign up free to see if Barletta Onion grows in your zone — and get a personalized planting timeline.

Get my Barletta Onion timeline →

Growth Stages

1

Germination & Seedling

2-3 weeks

Thin green shoots emerge from soil; first true leaves develop.

Keep soil consistently moist. Provide adequate light. Thin seedlings to proper spacing when 2-3 inches tall.

2

Vegetative Growth

3-4 weeks

Foliage develops with multiple thin green leaves; root system expands.

Maintain consistent watering and fertility. Apply balanced fertilizer every 3 weeks. Keep area weed-free.

3

Bulb Initiation & Development

2-3 weeks

Base of plant begins to swell; foliage remains green and upright.

Continue regular watering and fertilizing. Ensure proper day length for variety (Barletta is short-day). Monitor for pests.

4

Bulb Maturation

1-2 weeks

Small white bulbs reach 1-1.5 inches diameter; foliage begins yellowing and falling over.

Reduce watering frequency as tops yellow. Stop fertilizing. Do not break down foliage prematurely.

5

Harvest & Cure

Harvest ongoing; cure 2-3 weeks

Foliage dries and browns; bulbs are firm and mature with papery white skin.

Harvest when 50-75% of foliage has fallen over. Cure in warm, dry location for 2-3 weeks before storage.

Companion Planting

Plan your garden →

Plant with:

Avoid planting near:

garlic leeks other alliums beans peas asparagus

Common Pests

  • Use row covers during egg-laying season; practice crop rotation; remove affected plants; use sticky traps; encourage beneficial insects.

  • Spray with neem oil or insecticidal soap; remove heavily infested foliage; maintain adequate moisture to reduce stress.

  • Apply beneficial nematodes to soil; use diatomaceous earth around base; rotate crops; cover with row cloth early season.

  • Ensure excellent drainage; avoid overhead watering; practice 3-year crop rotation; remove infected plants immediately.

  • Improve air circulation; avoid overhead watering; apply copper fungicide if needed; remove infected foliage; thin crowded plants.

Uses

🍳

Pickling & Preserving

Culinary

Barletta onions are the classic choice for pearl onions and pickled onions due to their small size, mild flavor, and tender texture. Their uniformity makes them ideal for whole preservation. [source]

🍳

Roasting & Cooking Whole

Culinary

The small bulbs can be roasted whole as a delicate side dish or added whole to braises, stews, and gratins. Roasting brings out their natural sweetness. [source]

🍳

Garnishing & Cocktails

Culinary

Barletta onions are popular as cocktail garnishes (especially in martinis and Gibson cocktails) and as elegant plating elements on fine cuisine dishes. [source]

🏠

Ornamental Harvests

Household

The delicate white bulbs with dried stems create attractive dried arrangements and can be used decoratively in kitchen displays or crafts. [source]

💊

Sulfur Compounds & Health

Medicinal

Like all onions, Barletta contains quercetin and sulfur-containing compounds with potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. [source]

This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.

Harvest Tips

Harvest when foliage yellows and falls over, typically 60-75 days after planting. Gently loosen soil and pull bulbs when tops are 50-75% brown. Cure in a warm (70-80°F), dry, well-ventilated space for 2-3 weeks until outer skin is papery. Once cured, store in cool, dry conditions. For pickling, harvest at peak maturity for uniform small size. Can be harvested early at slightly smaller size for more tender texture.

Fun Facts

  • 🌱 Barletta is named after the Italian port city of Bari and is a true heirloom variety dating back to the 1880s, making it one of the oldest documented pickling onion cultivars.
  • 🌱 These tiny onions are sometimes called 'cocktail onions' or 'pearl onions' and are the standard bulb size for traditional Gibson martinis.
  • 🌱 Barletta is a short-day variety, meaning it initiates bulbs based on day length rather than temperature, making it best suited for spring planting in northern climates and fall planting in southern regions.

Gardening Terms

New to gardening? Learn about terms used in this guide:

Join 30,000 gardeners planning their gardens with LizPlants.

Get your personalized Barletta Onion planting timeline

Tell us your zip code and we'll calculate exactly when to start Barletta Onion seeds, transplant seedlings, and harvest — based on your USDA zone and local frost dates. Includes calendar reminders and printable task lists. Free to start.

Get my Barletta Onion timeline →