How to Grow ʻAuhuhu

iNaturalist

ʻAuhuhu

Charpentiera obovata

tree

ʻAuhuhu is a rare endemic Hawaiian tree native to the windward slopes of the Hawaiian Islands. It grows as a small to medium-sized tree with distinctive obovate (inverted egg-shaped) leaves and produces small, inconspicuous flowers followed by colorful drupes. Historically important to Native Hawaiians for its wood and other uses, it is now considered threatened and of conservation interest.

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Example ʻAuhuhu timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)

  1. Plant ʻAuhuhu

    Around Apr 17

    Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.

  2. Tend & protect

    Late spring–summer

    Watering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.

  3. Harvest ʻAuhuhu

    Late summer into fall

    Before the first fall frost (≈ Nov 8)

Sample dates for Pittsburgh, PA. Sign up to get exact ʻAuhuhu dates for your own zip code.

Growing Conditions

☀️
Sun: Partial shade to dappled light; can tolerate full sun in cooler microclimates but prefers afternoon shade in hot regions
💧
Water: Moderate watering; prefers consistent moisture but is somewhat drought-tolerant once established. Water deeply but allow soil to dry slightly between waterings.
📏
Spacing: 120 inches
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Days to maturity: 1200-1800 days (3-5 years to begin flowering and seed production)
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Planting depth: Plant nursery stock at same depth as root ball; seeds can be scarified and soaked 24 hours before sowing at 0.25-0.5 inches deep

Soil

Type: Well-draining, slightly acidic loamy soil; tolerates volcanic soils
pH: 5.5-6.5
Amendments:
Organic compost Aged bark mulch Peat moss for acidification if needed

Growing Zones

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Thrives in tropical zones 10b-12b; best suited to Hawaii and warm tropical climates

10b 11a 11b 12a 12b

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Growth Stages

1

Seedling

4-8 weeks

Young plants with 2-4 true leaves; stems tender and pale green

Maintain high humidity and consistent moisture. Provide bright, indirect light. Protect from direct sun and wind.

2

Juvenile

6-12 months

Growing stem with progressive development of characteristic obovate leaves; plant reaches 1-3 feet tall

Gradually acclimate to outdoor conditions if container-grown. Maintain consistent watering and apply light fertilization monthly during growing season.

3

Established

12-24 months

Young tree 3-8 feet tall with full canopy of obovate leaves; branch structure developing

Minimal fertilization needed; reduce watering frequency as tree establishes. Prune to shape if desired. Continue to provide afternoon shade in hot climates.

4

Flowering

Several months

Small, inconspicuous greenish or white flowers appear in clusters along branches; occurs on mature trees 3+ years old

Ensure adequate nutrients and consistent water during bloom period. Flowers are small and easily overlooked.

5

Fruiting & Maturity

Ongoing after maturity

Colorful drupes (small stone fruits) develop in various colors; tree reaches 15-25+ feet tall at full maturity

Maintain regular watering during fruiting period. Fruits attract native birds and wildlife. No special treatment needed; allow natural development.

Companion Planting

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Plant with:

ʻŌhiʻa lehua (Metrosideros polymorpha) ʻIlima (Sida fallax) Hairy naupaka (Scaevola mollis) Hawaiian sandalwood (Santalum paniculatum) Māmane (Sophora chrysophylla)

Avoid planting near:

Aggressive invasive species such as Miconia Australian tree fern (Sphaeropteris cooperi) Highly competitive non-native groundcovers that may inhibit seedling establishment

Common Pests

  • Monitor regularly; remove by hand on young trees or spray horticultural oil in early morning or late evening

  • Inspect leaf axils and new growth; treat with insecticidal soap or neem oil; ensure good air circulation

  • Use reflective mulches to deter; spray with strong water stream or apply insecticidal soap

Uses

🦋

Native Bird & Pollinator Support

Wildlife

The flowers and fruits of ʻAuhuhu provide food sources for Hawaiian native birds and insects. The tree supports the recovery of endangered avifauna in its native range. [source]

🎨

Traditional Hawaiian Wood

Craft

Historically, ʻAuhuhu wood was valued by Native Hawaiians for construction and tool-making. Today, the tree is grown primarily for cultural restoration and conservation rather than timber harvesting. [source]

🏠

Ornamental Landscape Tree

Household

Its distinctive foliage, manageable size, and tropical appearance make it attractive for Hawaiian-themed gardens, native plant landscapes, and conservation restoration projects. [source]

💊

Traditional Hawaiian Medicine

Medicinal

ʻAuhuhu has been used in traditional Hawaiian healing practices, though modern applications are limited. Interested growers should research proper preparation and consult cultural experts. [source]

This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.

Harvest Tips

ʻAuhuhu is primarily grown for ornamental and ecological value rather than harvest. Mature fruits can be collected for propagation once they ripen (typically change color and become soft). Allow fruits to fully ripen on tree before collection. Seeds can be extracted, cleaned, and dried for storage or immediate sowing. Historically, the wood was harvested, but propagation of native stock is now preferred for conservation.

Fun Facts

  • 🌱 ʻAuhuhu is endemic to Hawaii, found naturally only on windward slopes of the main islands where it thrives in moist forest conditions.
  • 🌱 The name ʻAuhuhu (also spelled auhuhu) is purely Hawaiian and reflects the deep cultural and botanical heritage of the Islands.
  • 🌱 This species is of significant conservation interest and is included in native plant restoration efforts throughout Hawaii to restore native forest ecosystems and support endangered Hawaiian birds.

Gardening Terms

New to gardening? Learn about terms used in this guide:

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