How to Grow Arborvitae
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Arborvitae
Thuja occidentalis
shrubArborvitae is a versatile evergreen conifer native to North America, prized for its dense, columnar foliage and year-round interest. It ranges from dwarf cultivars to tall screening varieties and displays feathery, scale-like foliage that often turns bronze or golden in winter. Known for hardiness and low maintenance, it's an excellent choice for hedges, windbreaks, and ornamental landscaping.
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Example Arborvitae timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)
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Plant Arborvitae
Around Apr 17Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.
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Tend & protect
Late spring–summerWatering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.
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Harvest Arborvitae
Late summer into fallBefore the first fall frost (≈ Nov 8)
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Growing Conditions
Soil
Growing Zones
Find your zone →Thrives in zones 2-8; hardy in extreme cold and tolerates zone 9 in cooler microclimates
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Get my Arborvitae timeline →Growth Stages
Establishment
First 1-2 yearsYoung transplant with minimal growth; roots developing into surrounding soil
Water regularly to keep soil consistently moist (not waterlogged); apply 2-3 inches of mulch; protect from strong winds and sun scald in winter
Active Growth
Years 2-5Plant puts on visible annual growth; foliage fills in and deepens in color
Continue regular watering during dry spells; light pruning in spring to shape; avoid heavy pruning that exposes brown interior foliage
Mature Foliage
Years 5 onwardPlant reaches target height and width; dense, full-bodied evergreen with vibrant green or variegated foliage
Minimal pruning needed; remove dead branches and lightly trim for shape in early spring or late winter; maintain mulch layer
Winter Dormancy
3-4 months (late fall through early spring)Foliage may bronze, yellow, or darken depending on cultivar; growth slows dramatically
Reduce watering significantly; protect from harsh winds and heavy snow damage (use burlap wrap for narrow types); no fertilizing
Companion Planting
Plan your garden →Plant with:
Avoid planting near:
Common Pests
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Prune out infested terminal shoots in late summer; apply neem oil or insecticidal soap; avoid stress-inducing conditions
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Spray with strong water stream; apply miticide or horticultural oil in hot, dry conditions; increase humidity
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Hand-pick bags in fall/winter; apply Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) in early summer when young larvae emerge
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Spray with horticultural oil in late winter or early spring; repeat applications may be needed
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Ensure excellent drainage; avoid overwatering; remove affected plants if severely damaged
Uses
Windbreak and Privacy Screen
HouseholdTall, narrow cultivars create dense barriers that reduce wind speed and block views effectively. They're ideal for creating living fences and screening unsightly areas. [source]
Wildlife Shelter and Nesting
WildlifeDense evergreen branches provide year-round cover and nesting sites for birds, small mammals, and insects seeking refuge from predators and harsh weather. [source]
Traditional Herbal Medicine
MedicinalThuja species have been used in traditional medicine for immune support and respiratory health, though scientific evidence is limited. Native peoples used arborvitae preparations historically. [source]
Holiday Decorations and Wreaths
CraftBranches are cut for wreaths, garlands, and festive arrangements due to their pleasant aroma and attractive form. Fresh foliage holds decorative appeal throughout the holiday season. [source]
Ornamental Landscaping
HouseholdAvailable in numerous cultivars with varied colors (green, gold, variegated), heights, and forms, arborvitae adds year-round structure and visual interest to gardens and properties. [source]
This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.
Harvest Tips
Arborvitae is an ornamental plant, not harvested for food. Foliage and branches can be cut for decorative purposes (wreaths, arrangements) year-round, but do not strip more than 1/3 of the plant's foliage to avoid stress.
Fun Facts
- 🌱 Arborvitae means 'tree of life' in Latin; early European explorers used it to treat scurvy due to its high vitamin C content in the foliage.
- 🌱 Some cultivars can live 200+ years and grow 40-60 feet tall, making them long-term landscape investments.
- 🌱 The foliage releases a pleasant, slightly spicy aroma when crushed or brushed against, which is part of its appeal in gardens.
Gardening Terms
New to gardening? Learn about terms used in this guide:
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