How to Grow Anubias

Anubias

Anubias

Anubias barteri var. nana

herb

Anubias is a slow-growing, low-maintenance aquatic plant native to West Africa, characterized by thick rhizomes and broad, dark green leaves. It thrives in freshwater aquariums and is valued for its ability to grow in low-light conditions and its tolerance of herbivorous fish. The dwarf varieties remain compact, making them ideal for foreground and midground placement in planted tanks.

Growing Conditions

☀️
Sun: Low to moderate light; 8-10 hours daily optimal (can tolerate 4-6 hours; avoid intense direct light)
💧
Water: Thrives submerged in warm freshwater; temperature 72-82°F (22-28°C); prefers gentle water movement; no special water changes required beyond standard aquarium maintenance
📏
Spacing: 4-6 inches between plants (allows room for lateral growth) inches
📅
Days to maturity: 180-365 days (very slow-growing; reaches full mature size in 1-2 years)
🌱
Planting depth: Rhizome must remain above substrate surface; tie to hardscape or plant with rhizome exposed on top of substrate

Soil

Type: Aquatic substrate (inert gravel, sand, or specialized aquarium soil)
pH: 6.0-7.5
Amendments:
Root tabs (optional, for enhanced growth) Liquid fertilizers with macronutrients and micronutrients

Growing Zones

Find your zone →

Tropical freshwater environments; requires warm water year-round

Not applicable - aquatic plant

Sign up to see your zone highlighted.

Growth Stages

1

Newly Planted

2-4 weeks

Small plantlet with 3-4 leaves; rhizome visible and may show initial roots

Secure gently to rock or driftwood using fishing line or plant weights; avoid burying the rhizome; maintain stable water parameters; provide 6-8 hours of light daily

2

Establishment

4-12 weeks

New leaves slowly emerge; plant develops more anchoring roots; growth rate is minimal

Patience is essential; do not move or disturb the plant; maintain consistent temperature (72-82°F); add liquid fertilizer if growth stalls beyond 4 weeks

3

Vegetative Growth

3-12 months

New leaves emerge regularly (every 1-2 weeks); rhizome expands horizontally; plant becomes fuller

Continue light fertilization; remove any decaying leaves; maintain stable water parameters; avoid exposing to high-intensity light, which encourages algae growth on leaves

4

Mature Plant

Indefinite (can live 5+ years in proper conditions)

Plant reaches full size with dense foliage; leaves are large (1-2 inches wide), dark green, and leathery; rhizome may branch

Minimal intervention needed; trim old leaves only if damaged; can propagate by dividing rhizomes; continue routine tank maintenance

5

Propagation (Optional)

Divisions take 2-4 weeks to establish

Rhizome divides naturally or is manually separated; new shoots emerge from division points

Allow each division to have at least one growing point; separate only when rhizome is visibly thick and mature; treat new divisions like newly planted specimens

Companion Planting

Plan your garden →

Plant with:

Avoid planting near:

Aggressive stem plants that outcompete for light Plants requiring very high light intensity

Common Pests

  • Increase plant biomass to compete for nutrients; reduce light duration if excessive; perform partial water changes; manually remove algae with brush or tools; avoid overfeeding fish

  • Never bury the rhizome; ensure good water circulation; remove affected portions; maintain stable water parameters; treat with antifungal if severe (in quarantine tank)

  • Remove snails manually; use snail traps; maintain plant health to outgrow minor damage; avoid overpopulation of snails in tank

  • Choose fish species compatible with plants; provide adequate algae-based diet for herbivorous fish; use hardscape to protect stems and rhizomes

  • Check water parameters (pH, temperature, hardness); ensure adequate fertilization; improve lighting; increase water circulation; perform 25% water change

Uses

🏠

Aquarium Aquascaping & Decoration

Household

Anubias is a staple in freshwater aquascapes, used to create natural-looking planted tanks that enhance visual appeal and provide shelter for fish. Its slow growth and low-light tolerance make it ideal for foreground and midground placement in tanks of any size. [source]

🦋

Fish Habitat & Shelter

Wildlife

The dense leaves and broad structure provide refuge for small fish, fry, and invertebrates, reducing stress and promoting natural behavior. Anubias creates microhabitats for beneficial bacteria colonization. [source]

🏠

Water Quality Improvement

Household

Like all aquatic plants, Anubias absorbs excess nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus) and produces oxygen, helping to maintain stable water chemistry and reduce algae growth in established tanks. [source]

🎨

Hardscape Integration & Terrascaping

Craft

Anubias can be attached to rocks, driftwood, and other hardscape elements to create naturalistic designs, and can even grow above water in terrarium conditions with high humidity. [source]

Harvest Tips

Not typically harvested in the culinary sense. For propagation: carefully divide the rhizome using a clean, sharp knife when the plant is mature (6+ months); ensure each division has at least one growing point; plant divisions as you would a new specimen. Trim dead or damaged leaves at the base of the petiole (leaf stem). Do not harvest leaves for any other purpose.

Fun Facts

  • 🌱 Anubias is one of the few aquatic plants that can be grown partially or fully emersed (above water) in humid terrariums, making it versatile beyond traditional aquariums.
  • 🌱 The scientific name 'Anubias' is derived from Anubis, the ancient Egyptian god of the afterlife, reflecting the plant's African origin and dark, mysterious appearance.
  • 🌱 Anubias nana is so slow-growing that it can thrive in the same tank for 10+ years with minimal maintenance, making it one of the most durable aquatic plants for long-term planted tank hobbyists.

Want personalized planting timelines?

Sign up to get frost dates, task lists, and more for your zone.

Get started free