How to Grow Amaranthus Burgundy
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Amaranthus Burgundy
Amaranthus cruentus
vegetableAmaranthus Burgundy is an ornamental grain amaranth with deep burgundy-red foliage and dramatic drooping flower panicles. Prized for both its striking visual appeal in gardens and its highly nutritious edible leaves and seeds. This heat-loving annual thrives in warm climates and produces abundant grain suitable for grinding into flour.
When should you plant Amaranthus Burgundy in your zone?
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Example Amaranthus Burgundy timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)
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Plant Amaranthus Burgundy
Around Apr 17Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.
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Tend & protect
Late spring–summerWatering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.
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Harvest Amaranthus Burgundy
Around Jun 16≈ 60 days after planting
Sample dates for Pittsburgh, PA. Sign up to get exact Amaranthus Burgundy dates for your own zip code.
Growing Conditions
Soil
Growing Zones
Find your zone →Thrives in zones 5-11; can be grown as an annual in cooler zones 2-4
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Seedling
2-3 weeksTiny plants with first true leaves emerging, showing early hints of burgundy coloration. Very delicate at this stage.
Keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Thin seedlings to proper spacing once 2-3 inches tall. Protect from heavy rain or wind.
Vegetative Growth
3-4 weeksRapid stem and leaf expansion; burgundy pigmentation deepens in leaves. Plant reaches 2-4 feet tall with full canopy of colorful foliage.
Maintain consistent moisture. Reduce watering slightly as plant establishes. Provide stake support if in windy location. Begin light harvesting of outer leaves if desired.
Flowering & Panicle Development
3-4 weeksDistinctive drooping flower panicles (grain heads) form at top and leaf axils, creating dramatic burgundy-red plumes. Plant reaches full height.
Reduce nitrogen fertilization to encourage grain development over excess foliage. Water during dry spells but allow soil to dry between waterings. Monitor for pests.
Grain Maturation
2-3 weeksPanicles become heavier and grain develops within the seed heads. Burgundy color may fade slightly as seeds mature. Plants appear top-heavy.
Minimal watering now. Stake tall varieties if needed. Allow some leaf yellowing—this indicates grain maturation. Stop leaf harvesting.
Harvest Ready
Variable; can leave in field until late summer/fallGrain heads dry down; leaves yellowing and beginning to senesce. Seeds easily fall from panicles when rubbed between fingers.
Allow to dry further in field if possible. Cut panicles when most seeds are hard and rub over cloth to collect grain. Dry collected grain for 1-2 weeks before storage.
Companion Planting
Plan your garden →Plant with:
Avoid planting near:
Common Pests
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Spray with strong water stream to dislodge; use insecticidal soap or neem oil for heavy infestations. Encourage beneficial insects like ladybugs.
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Handpick affected leaves and buds. Use Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) spray if infestation is severe. Remove plant debris after harvest.
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Use row covers over young seedlings. Dust with diatomaceous earth (food-grade). Plant marigolds nearby as a deterrent.
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Increase humidity with regular misting. Spray with water or insecticidal soap. Avoid excessive nitrogen fertilizer which promotes infestations.
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Handpick caterpillars in early morning or evening. Use Bt spray. Remove weeds that host armyworms.
Uses
Nutritious grain substitute
CulinaryAmaranthus grain is a complete protein containing all nine essential amino acids, making it an excellent gluten-free grain for flour, porridge, or popped snacks. Seeds can be ground into flour for baking or cooked whole as a side dish. [source]
Fresh leafy green
CulinaryYoung amaranthus leaves are tender and mild, similar to spinach. They can be eaten raw in salads or cooked as a potherb with superior nutritional content including high levels of calcium, iron, and vitamins A and C. [source]
Traditional medicine applications
MedicinalAmaranthus has been used in traditional Ayurvedic and Chinese medicine to address digestive issues, inflammation, and blood health. Modern research supports potential benefits for cholesterol management and anti-inflammatory properties. [source]
Natural dye source
HouseholdThe deep burgundy and red pigments in leaves and panicles can be extracted to create natural dyes for textiles and crafts. The pigment is particularly vibrant and long-lasting. [source]
Seed source for birds
WildlifeLeaving mature panicles in the garden provides an abundant natural seed source for wild birds and pollinators throughout fall and winter. The plant also attracts beneficial insects. [source]
This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.
Harvest Tips
For fresh leaves: harvest outer leaves continuously starting at 30-45 days when plants are 12+ inches tall; pinch tops to encourage bushiness. For grain: cut entire panicles when they feel hard and seeds fall easily when rubbed (typically 70-90 days). Hang bundles upside-down in a warm, dry location for 2-3 weeks, then rub seeds off onto cloth. Store dried grain in airtight containers in cool, dry conditions for up to 2 years.
Fun Facts
- 🌱 Amaranthus Burgundy produces up to 60,000 seeds per plant, making it incredibly prolific and sustainable for seed saving and replanting.
- 🌱 The deep burgundy pigment (betalain) is not chlorophyll—it's a distinct group of compounds that gives the plant its striking color and provides antioxidant benefits.
- 🌱 Amaranthus has been cultivated for over 8,000 years, with evidence of use by the Aztecs who valued it both as food and in ceremonial practices; it remains a staple crop in many parts of Africa, South America, and Asia.
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