How to Grow Amaranth Burgundy
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Amaranth Burgundy
Amaranthus cruentus
vegetableAmaranth Burgundy is a striking ornamental and edible plant with deep burgundy-red foliage and dramatic drooping flower spikes that mature to dark red seed heads. The entire plant—leaves, stems, and seeds—is edible and highly nutritious, rich in protein, fiber, and minerals. This heat-loving annual thrives in warm climates and adds dramatic color to gardens while providing a substantial harvest.
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Example Amaranth Burgundy timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)
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Plant Amaranth Burgundy
Around Apr 17Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.
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Tend & protect
Late spring–summerWatering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.
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Harvest Amaranth Burgundy
Around Jun 26≈ 70 days after planting
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Growing Conditions
Soil
Growing Zones
Find your zone →Best grown in zones 5-11; tolerates zones 2-4 as warm-season annual with protection
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Get my Amaranth Burgundy timeline →Growth Stages
Seedling
10-14 daysTiny seedlings emerge with small oval cotyledons; first true leaves are narrow and light colored. Plants are delicate and susceptible to damping-off.
Keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Provide bright light immediately upon germination. Thin seedlings to proper spacing once 2-3 true leaves appear. Avoid overwatering.
Vegetative Growth
3-4 weeksPlants develop multiple stems with increasingly burgundy-tinged leaves. Foliage becomes denser and richer in color as temperatures warm. Plant height increases rapidly.
Remove weeds regularly as amaranth competes poorly with established weeds. Water consistently. Begin light fertilization with balanced fertilizer every 3-4 weeks. Pinch seedlings early to encourage bushier growth if desired.
Flowering & Seed Head Development
4-6 weeksDramatic pendant flower spikes (panicles) emerge from the top and sides of the plant in deep burgundy-red. Flowers mature to seed heads heavy with thousands of tiny seeds.
Continue regular watering. Reduce nitrogen fertilizer to avoid excessive foliage growth. Support tall varieties with stakes if needed. Do not disturb plants during seed head development.
Seed Maturation & Harvest Readiness
2-3 weeksSeed heads darken further, becoming nearly black-burgundy. Seeds harden and dry on the plant. Foliage may begin to fade slightly as plant energy goes into seed production.
Reduce watering slightly once seeds are clearly maturing. Monitor for pests. Begin planning harvest timing. Allow 7-10 days of dry weather before harvesting for best seed quality.
Harvest & End of Season
Variable; extends until first frostSeeds are ready to harvest; plant foliage may yellow or fade. After seed harvest, plants complete their annual lifecycle and begin to decline.
Cut seed heads and dry completely before threshing. Can harvest greens early before seed head development if desired. Remove plants after harvest and compost or till into soil.
Companion Planting
Plan your garden →Plant with:
Avoid planting near:
Common Pests
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Scout early and remove by hand before flowering; use mulch to suppress; early season cultivation; ensure pure seed when planting
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Row covers on seedlings; neem oil spray; encourage beneficial insects; plant less attractive trap crops nearby
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Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) spray; hand-pick affected leaves; remove debris; encourage parasitoid wasps
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Spray with strong water jet; insecticidal soap; neem oil; release ladybugs or lacewings
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Increase humidity and water misting; neem oil or sulfur spray; encourage predatory mites; avoid excessive nitrogen
Uses
Ancient Grain & Nutritious Seed
CulinaryAmaranth seeds are a complete protein containing all nine essential amino acids and are higher in protein and fiber than wheat or rice. The seeds can be popped like popcorn, ground into flour, cooked as porridge, or sprouted for nutrient density. [source]
Nutritious Greens & Leafy Vegetables
CulinaryYoung, tender amaranth leaves are eaten fresh in salads or cooked like spinach. They are rich in vitamins A, C, and K, plus iron and calcium, with a slightly nutty flavor. [source]
Traditional Herbal Medicine
MedicinalAmaranth has been used in traditional medicine for centuries to address inflammation, improve digestion, and support bone health. The leaves and seeds contain phytonutrients with potential anti-inflammatory properties. [source]
Ornamental & Decorative Dye Plant
CraftThe striking burgundy foliage and seed heads make Amaranth Burgundy prized as a cut flower and dried arrangement material. The deep red pigment can also be used to create natural dyes for textiles. [source]
Pollinator & Bird Food
WildlifeAbundant flowers attract bees and other pollinators throughout the blooming period. Mature seed heads attract finches and other seed-eating birds in late summer and fall. [source]
This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.
Harvest Tips
For seed heads: Allow them to dry on the plant until seeds are hard (test by rolling between fingers). Cut mature heads and hang upside down in a warm, dry place or lay on a tarp. Thresh seeds by rubbing seed heads together and winnow to remove chaff. For greens: Pinch young tender leaves and stems as needed once plant is 6-8 inches tall; harvest continuously encourages more branching. Mature leaves are slightly bitter but nutritious. Seeds are ready when heads have darkened and seeds fall easily into your hand when brushed.
Fun Facts
- 🌱 Amaranth was a staple crop of the Aztecs and was called 'huauhtli,' meaning 'amaranth plant.' It was so important that it was used in religious ceremonies, and the Spanish conquerors actually tried to ban it to suppress indigenous culture.
- 🌱 The name 'amaranth' comes from the Greek word 'amarantos,' meaning 'unfading,' because the burgundy color of the flowers remains vibrant even after drying—they're among the longest-lasting dried flowers.
- 🌱 Amaranth seeds are so small that a single seed head can produce up to 60,000 seeds, making it one of the most prolific seed-producing plants and an excellent choice for seed savers.
Gardening Terms
New to gardening? Learn about terms used in this guide:
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