How to Grow Algiers Onion

Algiers Onion

Allium cepa var. cepa

vegetable

Algiers is a long-day storage onion variety known for its golden-brown papery skin and excellent keeping quality. It produces medium to large, globe-shaped bulbs with firm, pungent white flesh ideal for storage and cooking. This heirloom variety is prized for its reliability and ability to store for several months.

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Example Algiers Onion timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)

  1. Plant Algiers Onion

    Around Apr 17

    Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.

  2. Tend & protect

    Late spring–summer

    Watering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.

  3. Harvest Algiers Onion

    Around Jul 26

    ≈ 100 days after planting

Sample dates for Pittsburgh, PA. Sign up to get exact Algiers Onion dates for your own zip code.

Growing Conditions

☀️
Sun: Full sun, 8+ hours daily (critical for long-day varieties)
💧
Water: Consistent moisture during growing season; reduce watering as bulbs mature and approach harvest. Approximately 1-1.5 inches per week, decreasing in final 3-4 weeks before harvest
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Spacing: 4 inches
📅
Days to maturity: 100-120 days
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Planting depth: Plant sets 1 inch deep; direct seed 0.5 inches deep

Soil

Type: Well-draining loamy soil, moderately fertile
pH: 6.0-7.0
Amendments:
Compost Aged manure Balanced fertilizer (10-10-10 NPK)

Growing Zones

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Thrives in zones 3-9, particularly suited to northern and cooler regions

3a 3b 4a 4b 5a 5b 6a 6b 7a 7b 8a 8b 9a

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Growth Stages

1

Seedling/Sprouting

2-3 weeks

Shoots emerge 7-10 days after planting; thin, grass-like green foliage

Ensure consistent soil moisture; provide full sun; thin seedlings to proper spacing if direct seeded

2

Vegetative Growth

6-8 weeks

Multiple green shoots develop; root system establishes; foliage grows upright

Maintain regular watering and full sun exposure; apply balanced fertilizer every 3-4 weeks; remove weeds regularly

3

Bulbing

4-6 weeks

Base of plant swells as bulb forms; foliage remains green but growth slows; visible bulb development underground

Reduce nitrogen fertilizer; continue consistent watering until foliage yellows; long days (14+ hours) trigger bulbing in this variety

4

Maturation

2-3 weeks

Foliage yellows and flops over; papery brown skin forms; growth stops

Reduce watering once tops fall; do not water the foliage; bulbs continue curing in place

5

Harvest & Curing

Harvest over 1-2 weeks; curing 2-4 weeks

Bulbs fully mature with dry, papery brown exterior; necks tighten

Pull or dig bulbs gently; cure in warm, dry, well-ventilated location for 2-4 weeks before storage

Companion Planting

Plan your garden →

Plant with:

Avoid planting near:

Asparagus Bean Pea Sage

Common Pests

  • Row covers; crop rotation; remove infested plants; beneficial nematodes; spinosad sprays

  • Strong water spray; insecticidal soap; neem oil; reflective mulch

  • Plant certified disease-free sets; improve drainage; avoid overwatering; crop rotation (3+ years)

  • Improve air circulation; avoid overhead watering; fungicide (copper sulfate); resistant varieties

  • Row covers; crop rotation; remove affected bulbs; cultural practices

Uses

🍳

Cooking & Storage

Culinary

Excellent for French onion soup, caramelizing, roasting, and general cooking applications. The firm flesh holds well during extended cooking, making it ideal for soups, stews, and sauces. [source]

🍳

Long-Term Preservation

Culinary

Due to excellent keeping quality, suitable for drying, pickling, and storing without refrigeration. A storage staple for gardeners seeking food security. [source]

💊

Immune Support

Medicinal

Onions contain quercetin and sulfur compounds with potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Traditionally used in folk medicine for respiratory health. [source]

🏠

Natural Pest Deterrent

Household

Onion sprays and extracts used as organic pest and disease deterrent in gardens. Strong sulfur compounds may repel certain insects. [source]

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Dye Production

Craft

Outer papery skins (called onion skins) produce natural golden-yellow and orange dyes used in textile and fiber arts. [source]

This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.

Harvest Tips

Harvest when 50-75% of foliage has yellowed and fallen over (late July-August in northern regions). Pull bulbs carefully on a dry day and cure in a warm (70-80°F), dry, well-ventilated space (garage, barn, shed) for 2-4 weeks until necks are completely dry and papery. Store in cool (32-40°F), dry conditions with good air circulation; proper storage allows keeping for 4-6 months.

Fun Facts

  • 🌱 Algiers is a classic heirloom variety that has been grown for generations; it's a true long-day onion that requires 14+ hours of daylight to initiate bulbing, making it ideal for northern latitudes.
  • 🌱 The papery golden-brown skin develops naturally during the curing process and provides exceptional storage longevity—properly cured Algiers onions can last 5-6 months in cool storage.
  • 🌱 Onions have been cultivated for over 5,000 years and were a valued crop in ancient Egypt; the Algiers variety's name refers to its likely North African origin region.

Gardening Terms

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